Difference between revisions of "Team:TU Darmstadt/Project/Bio/Monomeres/Haconsaeure"
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<h2>Biotechnological production of itaconic acid in <em>Escherichia coli</em></h2> | <h2>Biotechnological production of itaconic acid in <em>Escherichia coli</em></h2> | ||
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+ | <source src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/2d/CadA_low_hq.mp4" type="video/mp4"> | ||
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+ | <figcaption><b>Figure 1</b> cis-aconitate decarboxylase (coded by cadA)</figcaption> | ||
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<p>The compilation of our toolbox requires a molecule containing at least two carboxygroups for esterifications with polyalcohols. Furthermore it is important that one compartment of the polymer contains a crosslinking functionality which composes bonds with other strings under specific conditions. A molecule that complies with both requirements is the dicarbonacid itaconic acid, which has an ethylene group that preserves the cross-linking functionality by addition reactions under radicalic activation.</p> | <p>The compilation of our toolbox requires a molecule containing at least two carboxygroups for esterifications with polyalcohols. Furthermore it is important that one compartment of the polymer contains a crosslinking functionality which composes bonds with other strings under specific conditions. A molecule that complies with both requirements is the dicarbonacid itaconic acid, which has an ethylene group that preserves the cross-linking functionality by addition reactions under radicalic activation.</p> | ||
<p>Itaconic acid is already used as a Co-monomer for the synthesis of polyacrylates and vulcanized rubber as well as a basic module for biologically degradable Polymers that are for example used in packaging industry. The property to act as a Co-monomer with different other components has the consequence that itaconic acid is discussed as possible substitute for methacrylic acid that is utilized to date by petrochemical industry.(1)</p> | <p>Itaconic acid is already used as a Co-monomer for the synthesis of polyacrylates and vulcanized rubber as well as a basic module for biologically degradable Polymers that are for example used in packaging industry. The property to act as a Co-monomer with different other components has the consequence that itaconic acid is discussed as possible substitute for methacrylic acid that is utilized to date by petrochemical industry.(1)</p> | ||
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+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/9/9e/Ia_pathway_project.jpg" width="80%" height="80%"> | ||
+ | <figcaption><b>Figure 2</b> Itaconic acid pathway including cis-aconitate decarboxylase</figcaption> | ||
+ | </figure> | ||
<p>The conventional exploitation of itaconic acid is achieved by chemical synthesis or takes place in <em>Aspergillus terreus</em> where amounts of 80g/L are provided.(2)An important disadvantage of the recent production is the high costs of approximately US$4/kg. <em>(3)</em></p> | <p>The conventional exploitation of itaconic acid is achieved by chemical synthesis or takes place in <em>Aspergillus terreus</em> where amounts of 80g/L are provided.(2)An important disadvantage of the recent production is the high costs of approximately US$4/kg. <em>(3)</em></p> | ||
<p>A possibility to achieve a better production of itaconic acid in a different host than Aspergillus terreus could be performed by the introduction of a single key enzyme of the Aspergillus pathway.</p> | <p>A possibility to achieve a better production of itaconic acid in a different host than Aspergillus terreus could be performed by the introduction of a single key enzyme of the Aspergillus pathway.</p> | ||
<p>The cis-aconitate decarboxylase from Aspergillus terreus catalyzes the reaction of cis-aconitate to itaconic acid under loss of carbon dioxide. cis-aconitate is an intermediate of the TCA-cycle that occurs in most organisms. For that reason there are a lot of different possible hosts. We decided to use Escherichia coli which contains the whole TCA-cycle and is also well characterized.</p> | <p>The cis-aconitate decarboxylase from Aspergillus terreus catalyzes the reaction of cis-aconitate to itaconic acid under loss of carbon dioxide. cis-aconitate is an intermediate of the TCA-cycle that occurs in most organisms. For that reason there are a lot of different possible hosts. We decided to use Escherichia coli which contains the whole TCA-cycle and is also well characterized.</p> | ||
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<li>Huang X, Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Li JJ. Improving itaconic acid production through genetic engineering of an industrial Aspergillus terreus strain. Microb Cell Fact. 2014;13:119.</li> | <li>Huang X, Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Li JJ. Improving itaconic acid production through genetic engineering of an industrial Aspergillus terreus strain. Microb Cell Fact. 2014;13:119.</li> |
Revision as of 15:23, 16 September 2015
Biotechnological production of itaconic acid in Escherichia coli
The compilation of our toolbox requires a molecule containing at least two carboxygroups for esterifications with polyalcohols. Furthermore it is important that one compartment of the polymer contains a crosslinking functionality which composes bonds with other strings under specific conditions. A molecule that complies with both requirements is the dicarbonacid itaconic acid, which has an ethylene group that preserves the cross-linking functionality by addition reactions under radicalic activation.
Itaconic acid is already used as a Co-monomer for the synthesis of polyacrylates and vulcanized rubber as well as a basic module for biologically degradable Polymers that are for example used in packaging industry. The property to act as a Co-monomer with different other components has the consequence that itaconic acid is discussed as possible substitute for methacrylic acid that is utilized to date by petrochemical industry.(1)
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/9/9e/Ia_pathway_project.jpg)
The conventional exploitation of itaconic acid is achieved by chemical synthesis or takes place in Aspergillus terreus where amounts of 80g/L are provided.(2)An important disadvantage of the recent production is the high costs of approximately US$4/kg. (3)
A possibility to achieve a better production of itaconic acid in a different host than Aspergillus terreus could be performed by the introduction of a single key enzyme of the Aspergillus pathway.
The cis-aconitate decarboxylase from Aspergillus terreus catalyzes the reaction of cis-aconitate to itaconic acid under loss of carbon dioxide. cis-aconitate is an intermediate of the TCA-cycle that occurs in most organisms. For that reason there are a lot of different possible hosts. We decided to use Escherichia coli which contains the whole TCA-cycle and is also well characterized.
- Huang X, Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Li JJ. Improving itaconic acid production through genetic engineering of an industrial Aspergillus terreus strain. Microb Cell Fact. 2014;13:119.
- Huang X, Chen M, Lu X, Li Y, Li X, Li JJ. Direct production of itaconic acid from liquefied corn starch by genetically engineered Aspergillus terreus. Microb Cell Fact. 2014;13:108.
- Willke T, Vorlop KD. Biotechnological production of itaconic acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001;56(3-4):289-95.