Difference between revisions of "Team:IISER Pune/Projects"

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<h3>Project Background</h3>
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Tuberculosis, an infectious pulmonary disease, is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which spreads through air. The most common symptoms include cough lasting more than 3 weeks, weakness, fever, chest pain, coughing up blood/sputum, etc. The minimum duration of treatment is 6 months. If not treated properly, this disease can be fatal.
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According to the WHO Global TB Report 2014, India has the highest TB incidence. A large population combined with poor hygienic conditions, moderate temperatures, socio-economic conditions- all contribute to the high prevalence of TB in India.
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The average duration from the appearance of symptoms to the beginning of treatment is 2-4 months. The reason for this large gap is that  M. tuberculosis is a slow growing pathogenic bacterium with a doubling time of approximately 24 hours in tissues. This property of M. tuberculosis hinders rapid detection in sputum samples obtained from patients. Also, the commonly used diagnostic techniques in India not only require a time period of 2-4 weeks but also cannot detect lower concentrations of mycobacteria in the sample from the patients.
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Thus, there is a need for a diagnostic technique that is cost effective, yet is quick and can still detect mycobacteria in lower concentrations.
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Revision as of 00:08, 19 September 2015


Top

Project Background



Tuberculosis, an infectious pulmonary disease, is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which spreads through air. The most common symptoms include cough lasting more than 3 weeks, weakness, fever, chest pain, coughing up blood/sputum, etc. The minimum duration of treatment is 6 months. If not treated properly, this disease can be fatal.
According to the WHO Global TB Report 2014, India has the highest TB incidence. A large population combined with poor hygienic conditions, moderate temperatures, socio-economic conditions- all contribute to the high prevalence of TB in India.


The average duration from the appearance of symptoms to the beginning of treatment is 2-4 months. The reason for this large gap is that  M. tuberculosis is a slow growing pathogenic bacterium with a doubling time of approximately 24 hours in tissues. This property of M. tuberculosis hinders rapid detection in sputum samples obtained from patients. Also, the commonly used diagnostic techniques in India not only require a time period of 2-4 weeks but also cannot detect lower concentrations of mycobacteria in the sample from the patients.

Thus, there is a need for a diagnostic technique that is cost effective, yet is quick and can still detect mycobacteria in lower concentrations.