Difference between revisions of "Team:IIT Kharagpur/Practices"

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<h2> Human Practices </h2>
 
  
<p>iGEM teams are unique and leading the field because they "go beyond the lab" to imagine their projects in a social/environmental context, to better understand issues that might influence the design and use of their technologies.</p>
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<style>
<p>Teams work with students and advisors from the humanities and social sciences to explore topics concerning ethical, legal, social, economic, safety or security issues related to their work. Consideration of these Human Practices is crucial for building safe and sustainable projects that serve the public interest. </p>
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<p>For more information, please see the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Practices_Hub">Practices Hub</a>.</p>
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<div class="highlightBox">
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#top_menu_14 {
<h4>Note</h4>
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height: 20px;
<p>You must fill out this page in order to be considered for all <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Judging/Awards">awards</a> for Human Practices:</p>
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z-index: 100;
<ul>
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top: 0;
<li>Human Practices silver medal criterion</li>
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position:absolute;
<li>Human Practices gold medal criterion</li>
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width: 100%;
<li>Best Integrated Human Practices award</li>
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color:#ffffff;
<li>Best Education and Public Engagement award</li>
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</ul>
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<h5>Some Human Practices topic areas </h5>
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<ul>
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  display: block;
<li>Philosophy</li>
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<li>Public Engagement / Dialogue</li>
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  width: 100%;
<li>Education</li>
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  height: 100%;
<li>Product Design</li>
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<li>Scale-Up and Deployment Issues</li>
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<li>Environmental Impact</li>
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<li>Ethics</li>
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<li>Safety</li>
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<li>Security</li>
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  font-size: 12px;
<li>Public Policy</li>
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  font-weight: 400;
<li>Law and Regulation</li>
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  color: #ffffff;
<li>Risk Assessment</li>
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}
</ul>
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<h5>What should we write about on this page?</h5>
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html, body, .wrapper {
<p>On this page, you should write about the Human Practices topics you considered in your project, and document any special activities you did (such as visiting experts, talking to lawmakers, or doing public engagement).</p>
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width: 100%;
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height: 100%;
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background-color: transparent;
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<h5>Inspiration</h5>
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<head>
<p>Read what other teams have done:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Dundee/policypractice/experts">2014 Dundee </a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:UC_Davis/Policy_Practices_Overview">2014 UC Davis </a></li>
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<li><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Manchester/HumanPractices">2013 Manchester </a></li>
+
<li><a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Cornell/outreach">2013 Cornell </a></li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Integrated Human Practices</h3>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/bootstrap?action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css" type="text/css" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/style?action=raw&amp;ctype=text/css" type="text/css">
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<script src="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/bootstrapjs?action=raw&amp;ctype=text/javascript"></script>
  
<p>Do you want to be considered for the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Judging/Awards#SpecialPrizes">Best Integrated Human Practices award</a>? Make it easy for the judges to find any wiki content that is relevant to this prize. Highlight this content with a header or separate section.</p>
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</head>
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<body>
  
<h3>Education and Public Engagement</h3>
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<p>Do you want to be considered for the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Judging/Awards#SpecialPrizes">Best Education and Public Outreach award</a>? Make it easy for the judges to find any wiki content that is relevant to this prize. Highlight this content with a header or separate section.</p>
 
  
</div>
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<div class="jumbotron jumbo-home">
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<div class="menu">
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        <ul>
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          <li class="menu-logo"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur"><img class='menu-logo-img' src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/59/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_team_logo.png'/><div class="menu-logo-text">IGEM IIT </br> Kharagpur</div></a></li>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur"><img class='menu-img' src='https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/66/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_home.png'/><div class="menu-text">Home</div></a></li>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/project"><img class="menu-project-img menu-img" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/61/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_project.png" /><div class="menu-text">Project</div></a>
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          <ul>
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                  <li><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/project">About</li>
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                  <li><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/parts">Parts</li>
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                  <li><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/modeling">Modeling</a></li>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/team"><img class="menu-team-img menu-img" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/2d/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_team.png" /><div class="menu-text">Team</div></a></li>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/notebook"><img class="menu-notebook-img menu-img" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f6/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_notebook.png" /><div class="menu-text">Notebook</div></a></li>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/practices"><img class="menu-modeling-img menu-img" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/7e/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_modeling.png" /><div class="menu-text">Practices</div></a>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/safety"><img class="menu-achievements-img menu-img" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/2f/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_safety.png" /><div class="menu-text">Safety</div></a></li>
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          <li class="menu-li"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:IIT_Kharagpur/blog.html"><img class="menu-safety-img menu-img" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/27/IIT_Kharagpur_menu_blog.png" /><div class="menu-text">Blog</div></a></li>
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<div class="logo">
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<img class="team-logo-outer"src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3e/IIT_Khargpur_home_team_logo_outer.png" />
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<img class="team-logo-inner"src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/b5/IIT_Kharagpur_home_team_logo_inner.png" />
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<img class="home-text"src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d3/IIT_Kharagpur_home-text.png" />
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</div>
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<img class="home-text-icon"src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/74/IIT_Khargpur_home_text_icon.png" />
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<div class="container main-mid1" id="main-mid1">
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<div class="row">
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<div class="project-heading">
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<h2>Meetup Writeups:</h2>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 project-description">
 +
True spirit of iGEM lies not in competition but in collaboration. With dawn of synthetic biology,
 +
 
 +
it became absolutely clear that future of biological sciences lies not in closed gate patenting but
 +
 
 +
in open source innovation. iGEM teams all over the world organize team meetups with other
 +
 
 +
teams where discussion, critique and feedback over the each team project is given by all. Such
 +
 
 +
discussions are extremely helpful as they provide a wide diversity of opinions and filter the
 +
 
 +
subtle nuisances before Giant Jamboree. Our team was invited for two iGEM meetups ­ one
 +
 
 +
Indian iGEM team meetup by IISER Pune and other an Asian regional meetup organized by
 +
 
 +
NCTU, Taiwan. Both of the experiences have been very informative as well as enlightening.
 +
 
 +
Details of individual meetups are described below.
 +
 
 +
</div>
 +
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 +
<h2>IISER Pune Meetup July 16­17, 2015.</h2>
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 project-description">
 +
The IISER Pune iGEM team organized an Indian iGEM meetup during This meetup had
 +
 
 +
three of the four Indian iGEM teams (for the year 2015) participate in it, namely IIT Delhi,
 +
 
 +
IISER Pune and IIT Kharagpur. IIT Delhi had sent three representatives of their team, while two
 +
 
 +
of our team members ­ Harsheel and Rhushikesh represented our team there. During the first day
 +
 
 +
(16th July), there was an informal discussion session amongst all the teams, followed by IISER
 +
 
 +
Pune’s project presentation in the afternoon. While the second day (17th July) had the
 +
 
 +
presentations of our team (in the morning) and IIT Delhi’s presentation in the afternoon.
 +
</br></br>
 +
IISER Pune made a really comprehensive presentation, which left the entire audience in
 +
 
 +
awe, and in a way left the other teams with no choice but to further improvise their presentations.
 +
 
 +
All the IISER Pune team members participated and contributed to their extensive presentation,
 +
 
 +
which had a significant amount of their project modelling data as well (computer simulation
 +
 
 +
based work). They had also covered good ground with regard to their wet lab work, and had it
 +
 
 +
divided into three sub­parts, each handling a particular aspect of the wet­lab work. While IISER
 +
 
 +
Pune wishes to compete in the Health and Medicine track of iGEM, IIT Delhi wishes to compete
 +
 
 +
in the environment track. IIT Delhi also made a very descriptive presentation of their idea, which
 +
 
 +
was appreciated by the audience. After each of the team presentations (which typically lasted
 +
 
 +
about an hour), there were question­answer sessions held, where the clarity and idea of each of
 +
 
 +
the teams’ projects were scrutinized.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
 
 +
Very useful suggestions and points were raised for each of the teams post their
 +
 
 +
presentations, and all the discussions (both formal and informal) were very productive and
 +
 
 +
propitious for the teams, in general. We learnt a lot about iGEM through this meetup, got to meet
 +
 
 +
a lot of people, and are confident that the advice and suggestions given during this meetup would
 +
 
 +
definitely help us give this first attempt at iGEM our best shot.
 +
</div>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12">
 +
<img src="img/project_2.gif"/>
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</div>
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</div>
 +
 
 +
<h2>NCTU Meetup:July 19­23, 2015</h2>
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 project-description">
 +
This was the third time NCTU organized its own meetup, and this time, it kept it open for all the
 +
 
 +
Asian iGEM teams. It was organized on a pretty grand scale with 30 teams (from countries like
 +
 
 +
Taiwan, China, India, etc) participating in it. The two Indian teams participating in this meetup
 +
 
 +
were IISER Pune and IIT Kharagpur. The option was given to teams to either go and attend the
 +
 
 +
meetup in person, or to present their ideas via video conferencing (Skype). Accordingly, our
 +
 
 +
team went ahead with the second option, and was allocated a video conference slot for the
 +
 
 +
evening (Taiwan Time) of the third day of the NCTU Meetup (21st July). </br></br>
 +
 
 +
The main idea behind our team’s participation in this meetup was to get advice and
 +
 
 +
suggestions from experienced iGEM teams with regard to our project ­ wet lab, policy and
 +
 
 +
practices (social outreach, meetups, collaborations, lab visits), modelling and so on. The format
 +
 
 +
of the online conference was 20 minutes for the presentation and 20 minutes for the question and
 +
 
 +
answer session. Harsheel, one of the senior members of our team gave the presentation of our
 +
 
 +
project idea, and the questions that followed (which were pitched by the audience gathered at the
 +
 
 +
seminar room in NCTU, Taiwan) were tackled by some of the senior members of the team, as a
 +
 
 +
whole. Very valid questions were raised by the audience, and many useful suggestions were
 +
 
 +
given with regard to how we could improvise our presentation for the Giant Jamboree, and tackle
 +
 
 +
each of the factors (taken into account by the iGEM judges), so as to give our first time
 +
 
 +
participation in iGEM the best we have. This meetup was indeed a great learning experience, and
 +
 
 +
has geared us up for the grand finale at Boston!
 +
</div>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12">
 +
<img src="img/project_2.gif"/>
 +
</div>
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</div>
 +
 
 +
<h2>Survey Responses:</h2>
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 project-description">
 +
iGEM mandates organizing of surveys as public outreach practice for all participating teams and
 +
 
 +
for a good reason. Advancements in Biotechnology in recent years have created a buzz in
 +
 
 +
blogger communities, newspaper reports and science and technology television shows. A lot of
 +
 
 +
ideas have faced severe opposition on grounds of ethics, religion and simply uninformed
 +
 
 +
knowledge. Rise of GMOs in agriculture and medical care brought forward debate on the table
 +
 
 +
where many raised rejection of these products because of unfamiliar nature and impact of
 +
 
 +
convoluted ideas presented in scientific fiction. Since all iGEM teams are tinkering with the
 +
 
 +
biological entities to manufacture artificial life forms which can perhaps be in future transferred
 +
 
 +
as a routinely used technological platform like smartphones, computers and internet. It is
 +
 
 +
important that public’s opinion be sought, their contributions considered and their information
 +
 
 +
gap improved.</br></br>
 +
Inspired by a plethora of surveys conducted by previous iGEM teams we developed some ideas
 +
 
 +
of our own. Since our project is based upon development of a household level device capable of
 +
 
 +
detecting microbial food spoilage which itself functions upon a synthetic bacteria (an improved
 +
 
 +
strain of E.coli DH alpha). The improvement is attributed to introduction of a single plasmid
 +
 
 +
possessing a luxR­AHL quorum sensing detection system which upon presence of [AHL]
 +
 
 +
beyond threshold level initiated the transcription of reporter gene and thus determining if food
 +
 
 +
product in question is spoilt or not.</br></br>
 +
</div>
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<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12">
 +
<img src="img/project_2.gif"/>
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</div>
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</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">If we told you we can create artificial organism to detect food spoilage in dairy and meat
 +
 
 +
products by change of colour, would you like to use it?</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">If it were an easy, quick and trustworthy biological food spoilage detector, how much would you
 +
 
 +
spend to buy it?</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">TO SHOW HOW RELIABLE THE REVIEWS ARE BY THE BACKGROUND OF THE
 +
 
 +
SURVEY TAKERS</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">How would you rate your health awareness on a scale of 1­10 (1: lowest to 10: highest)</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">TO SHOW WHICH SPECIFIC PRODUCT SHOULD WE INITIALLY TARGET
 +
 
 +
Which is the most common dairy product you use?</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">Which product do you generally face the problem of food spoilage?</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">TO SHOW THE NEED IN THE MARKET FOR OUR PRODUCT
 +
 
 +
On an average, what percent of your food expenses do you lose each month due to food
 +
 
 +
spoilage?</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
<div class="col-lg-3">
 +
<div class="survey-desc">How much food products you buy is easily perishable?</div>
 +
<div class="survey-result>"><img src=""></div>
 +
</div>
 +
</div>
 +
 +
 
 +
 +
 
 +
<h2>REVIEWS BY THE SURVEY TAKERS:</h2>
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-12">
 +
Great survey!would be very useful ,if installed in food stores like McDonald's and
 +
 
 +
kfcetc.good luck!</br></br>
 +
 
 +
It is a good concept</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Your intiative is good.it is very useful to all obviously.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
It is a great initiative. Let's hope it solves the problem of food spoilage.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Good luck iGEM team for your upcoming short innovation</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Bio­strip to detect food spoilage! seems to be a great and innovative idea.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Its very good idea. We should fund this. Keeping in mind it should be affordable to everyone.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Well 1st of all great work u guys are doing. proud of u guys as an alum of Biotech, IIT Kgp. "</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<h2>SUGGESTIONS:</h2>
 +
 
 +
I wouldn't buy a detector, as I never had problems with spoiled food not being identifiable as
 +
 
 +
spoiled.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
as a food technologist I haven't heard about this. If food processors can put expiry date then what
 +
 
 +
different can GMO do? why will consumers pay extra? Consumer acceptance can be a big
 +
 
 +
problem in India.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Be specific in detecting fungal/bacterial spoilage. Because most of our food of acidic nature is
 +
 
 +
damaged by fungal partners and food with high water activity by bacterial members. So, target a
 +
 
 +
specific group that covers wide food products.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
First of all would you pack the spoilage detector in the food packages before being purchased by
 +
 
 +
consumers? Or would you have a spoilage detector for individual consumer's detection for
 +
 
 +
example after opening of the food package? Would it be safe to use? How about disposal? </br></br>
 +
 
 +
Regarding the iGEM Groningen design in 2012: How would you make an applicable, useful and
 +
 
 +
simple detector for food e.g. in the fridge? If you put your detector into the fridge at time 0, how
 +
 
 +
fast would you know if the food is spoiled or not, regarding the design of your detector. E.g.
 +
 
 +
bacteria based detector needs bacteria to grow and produce certain compound resulting in the
 +
 
 +
detectable colour. Would the lower temperature have an effect on the time of compound
 +
 
 +
production and therefore the spoilage detection? For the best results at the competition, rethink
 +
 
 +
and discuss your application strategy with as many people as possible. Take the critique of the
 +
 
 +
design and try to make it better. Be prepared to answer all of those questions and to defend your
 +
 
 +
application design at the Jamboree (judges are very straightforward with the questions). Good
 +
 
 +
luck with the project! Regards from Tjaša, Wageningen 2014 BananaGuard.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
Well 1st of all great work u guys are doing. proud of u guys as an alum of Biotech, IIT Kgp. "If
 +
 
 +
there was an easy, quick and trustworthy biological food spoilage detector how much will you
 +
 
 +
spend to buy it?" i am confused­ Are u talking about the machine r the replaceble strips. Please
 +
 
 +
mention. All the best and jeetkeana....</br></br>
 +
 
 +
I wouldn't pay a cent to buy something that will let me know if something is spoiled or not. In
 +
 
 +
my experience (I cook), I have till date been able to detect if a food is gone bad or not pretty
 +
 
 +
effectively. A strip or any other innovation on this arena, I think will not do any good as it is in
 +
 
 +
fact, redundant. Nature has already done this for us. All you're doing is appealing to the eyes,
 +
 
 +
which I believe would not really serve the purpose.
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
</div>
 +
 +
 
 +
 +
 
 +
<h2>Interviews:</h2>
 +
<div class="row">
 +
<div class="col-lg-12">
 +
On the 3rd of September, three of our team members interviewed an eminent faculty
 +
 
 +
member of IIT Kharagpur, <b>Prof. Hari Niwas Mishra of the Department of Agriculture and
 +
 
 +
Food  Engineering</b>,  who  is  an  expert  in  the  field  of  Health  Foods  &  Nutraceuticals,
 +
 
 +
Innovative Food Processing Technologies  and Food Safety & Quality Control. This  is
 +
 
 +
how it went:</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>us:</b> Sir  you  have  been  working  in  this  field  for  about  21  years...can  you  tell  us  about  the
 +
 
 +
statistics of food spoilage in the country...like how much wood gets wasted every year due to
 +
 
 +
spoilage?</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>prof  mishra:</b> You  see,  a  few  days  ago  i  was reading  in  the  news reports  that  ICAR (Indian
 +
 
 +
Council of Agricultural Research) conducted a recent study in association with CIPHET (Central
 +
 
 +
Institute  of  Post­Harvest  Engineering  and  Technology),  which  involved  a  survey  to  assess
 +
 
 +
spoilage  incurred  in  food  storage,  handling,etc. According  to  the report,  4­8%  of  food  grains,
 +
 
 +
and 15­18% of perishables get destroyed every year due to food spoilage.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>us:</b> Can  you  tell  us  about  the  various  techniques  that  are  currently  available  for  detection  of
 +
 
 +
food spoilage?</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>prof  mishra:</b> there  are  old  traditional  techniques  which  include  various  types  of  plating
 +
 
 +
methods,  and  techniques  to  obtain  microbial  counts  which  have  been  in  use  since  decades.
 +
 
 +
Among the new methods, electronic sensor­based techniques are more prevalent. Nowadays,
 +
 
 +
biological  kits,  for  detecting  specific  pathogenic  microbes  like  salmonella  are  also  available.
 +
 
 +
HiMedia is one such company making biochemical test kits.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>us:</b> The  acceptability  of  GMOs  by  the  public  is  often  seen  as  an  issue  when  a  genetically
 +
 
 +
engineered product is released in the market. What are your views regarding the acceptability of
 +
 
 +
our product, if commercialised?</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>prof  mishra:</b> There  has  always  been  a  big  divide  in  the  Indian  society  when  it  comes  to
 +
 
 +
acceptance of any genetically engineered product. Equal groups of people are willing to accept
 +
 
 +
and  equal  groups  are  against  it.  Most  are  concerned  regarding  the  safety  of  the  product,
 +
 
 +
whether it has any side effects or not, since that has never been established in a solid manner
 +
 
 +
in the past. If somehow we can establish that our product is absolutely SAFE for consumer use,
 +
 
 +
then we can surely think of a long­term capture of the market.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>us:</b> How do  you propose we  can  solve these issues regarding acceptability of our product, if
 +
 
 +
released?</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>prof  mishra:</b> We first need to analyse what the consumers want from our product. As in most of
 +
 
 +
the  food  products,  it  is  the  economic  and  nutritional  benefits  that  they  look  for...and
 +
 
 +
simultaneously the product must be safe to use continuously. These days, due to high level of
 +
 
 +
adulteration in food products, consumers are always in an apprehending mode and try to avoid
 +
 
 +
new products. But the change has to come at some point. For that, they have to be convinced
 +
 
 +
aptly.</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>us:</b> Do  you  think  that  our  product  can  be  easily  incorporated  into  the  food  quality  control
 +
 
 +
industry, given the available practices in that field? what industries can we target?</br></br>
 +
 
 +
<b>prof  mishra:</b> yeah, concept­wise, it appears OK. But still those people need to know the exact
 +
 
 +
details of how it works, the pros and cons, disposal issues (if any), which are the substrates on
 +
 
 +
which it works best and several other factors. The stability and user­friendliness of the product
 +
 
 +
are of utmost importance while deciding its integration into the market. You can target the local
 +
 
 +
companies manufacturing analytical instruments at first...they are the ones which  can try and
 +
 
 +
introduce  your product at a  small level and then increase  your influence gradually. Eg. Alpha
 +
 
 +
moss, novozymes, Fox, etc.
 +
</div>
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Revision as of 09:02, 18 September 2015

Meetup Writeups:

True spirit of iGEM lies not in competition but in collaboration. With dawn of synthetic biology, it became absolutely clear that future of biological sciences lies not in closed gate patenting but in open source innovation. iGEM teams all over the world organize team meetups with other teams where discussion, critique and feedback over the each team project is given by all. Such discussions are extremely helpful as they provide a wide diversity of opinions and filter the subtle nuisances before Giant Jamboree. Our team was invited for two iGEM meetups ­ one Indian iGEM team meetup by IISER Pune and other an Asian regional meetup organized by NCTU, Taiwan. Both of the experiences have been very informative as well as enlightening. Details of individual meetups are described below.

IISER Pune Meetup July 16­17, 2015.

The IISER Pune iGEM team organized an Indian iGEM meetup during This meetup had three of the four Indian iGEM teams (for the year 2015) participate in it, namely IIT Delhi, IISER Pune and IIT Kharagpur. IIT Delhi had sent three representatives of their team, while two of our team members ­ Harsheel and Rhushikesh represented our team there. During the first day (16th July), there was an informal discussion session amongst all the teams, followed by IISER Pune’s project presentation in the afternoon. While the second day (17th July) had the presentations of our team (in the morning) and IIT Delhi’s presentation in the afternoon.

IISER Pune made a really comprehensive presentation, which left the entire audience in awe, and in a way left the other teams with no choice but to further improvise their presentations. All the IISER Pune team members participated and contributed to their extensive presentation, which had a significant amount of their project modelling data as well (computer simulation based work). They had also covered good ground with regard to their wet lab work, and had it divided into three sub­parts, each handling a particular aspect of the wet­lab work. While IISER Pune wishes to compete in the Health and Medicine track of iGEM, IIT Delhi wishes to compete in the environment track. IIT Delhi also made a very descriptive presentation of their idea, which was appreciated by the audience. After each of the team presentations (which typically lasted about an hour), there were question­answer sessions held, where the clarity and idea of each of the teams’ projects were scrutinized.

Very useful suggestions and points were raised for each of the teams post their presentations, and all the discussions (both formal and informal) were very productive and propitious for the teams, in general. We learnt a lot about iGEM through this meetup, got to meet a lot of people, and are confident that the advice and suggestions given during this meetup would definitely help us give this first attempt at iGEM our best shot.

NCTU Meetup:July 19­23, 2015

This was the third time NCTU organized its own meetup, and this time, it kept it open for all the Asian iGEM teams. It was organized on a pretty grand scale with 30 teams (from countries like Taiwan, China, India, etc) participating in it. The two Indian teams participating in this meetup were IISER Pune and IIT Kharagpur. The option was given to teams to either go and attend the meetup in person, or to present their ideas via video conferencing (Skype). Accordingly, our team went ahead with the second option, and was allocated a video conference slot for the evening (Taiwan Time) of the third day of the NCTU Meetup (21st July).

The main idea behind our team’s participation in this meetup was to get advice and suggestions from experienced iGEM teams with regard to our project ­ wet lab, policy and practices (social outreach, meetups, collaborations, lab visits), modelling and so on. The format of the online conference was 20 minutes for the presentation and 20 minutes for the question and answer session. Harsheel, one of the senior members of our team gave the presentation of our project idea, and the questions that followed (which were pitched by the audience gathered at the seminar room in NCTU, Taiwan) were tackled by some of the senior members of the team, as a whole. Very valid questions were raised by the audience, and many useful suggestions were given with regard to how we could improvise our presentation for the Giant Jamboree, and tackle each of the factors (taken into account by the iGEM judges), so as to give our first time participation in iGEM the best we have. This meetup was indeed a great learning experience, and has geared us up for the grand finale at Boston!

Survey Responses:

iGEM mandates organizing of surveys as public outreach practice for all participating teams and for a good reason. Advancements in Biotechnology in recent years have created a buzz in blogger communities, newspaper reports and science and technology television shows. A lot of ideas have faced severe opposition on grounds of ethics, religion and simply uninformed knowledge. Rise of GMOs in agriculture and medical care brought forward debate on the table where many raised rejection of these products because of unfamiliar nature and impact of convoluted ideas presented in scientific fiction. Since all iGEM teams are tinkering with the biological entities to manufacture artificial life forms which can perhaps be in future transferred as a routinely used technological platform like smartphones, computers and internet. It is important that public’s opinion be sought, their contributions considered and their information gap improved.

Inspired by a plethora of surveys conducted by previous iGEM teams we developed some ideas of our own. Since our project is based upon development of a household level device capable of detecting microbial food spoilage which itself functions upon a synthetic bacteria (an improved strain of E.coli DH alpha). The improvement is attributed to introduction of a single plasmid possessing a luxR­AHL quorum sensing detection system which upon presence of [AHL] beyond threshold level initiated the transcription of reporter gene and thus determining if food product in question is spoilt or not.

If we told you we can create artificial organism to detect food spoilage in dairy and meat products by change of colour, would you like to use it?
If it were an easy, quick and trustworthy biological food spoilage detector, how much would you spend to buy it?
TO SHOW HOW RELIABLE THE REVIEWS ARE BY THE BACKGROUND OF THE SURVEY TAKERS
How would you rate your health awareness on a scale of 1­10 (1: lowest to 10: highest)
TO SHOW WHICH SPECIFIC PRODUCT SHOULD WE INITIALLY TARGET Which is the most common dairy product you use?
Which product do you generally face the problem of food spoilage?
TO SHOW THE NEED IN THE MARKET FOR OUR PRODUCT On an average, what percent of your food expenses do you lose each month due to food spoilage?
How much food products you buy is easily perishable?

REVIEWS BY THE SURVEY TAKERS:

Great survey!would be very useful ,if installed in food stores like McDonald's and kfcetc.good luck!

It is a good concept

Your intiative is good.it is very useful to all obviously.

It is a great initiative. Let's hope it solves the problem of food spoilage.

Good luck iGEM team for your upcoming short innovation

Bio­strip to detect food spoilage! seems to be a great and innovative idea.

Its very good idea. We should fund this. Keeping in mind it should be affordable to everyone.

Well 1st of all great work u guys are doing. proud of u guys as an alum of Biotech, IIT Kgp. "

SUGGESTIONS:

I wouldn't buy a detector, as I never had problems with spoiled food not being identifiable as spoiled.

as a food technologist I haven't heard about this. If food processors can put expiry date then what different can GMO do? why will consumers pay extra? Consumer acceptance can be a big problem in India.

Be specific in detecting fungal/bacterial spoilage. Because most of our food of acidic nature is damaged by fungal partners and food with high water activity by bacterial members. So, target a specific group that covers wide food products.

First of all would you pack the spoilage detector in the food packages before being purchased by consumers? Or would you have a spoilage detector for individual consumer's detection for example after opening of the food package? Would it be safe to use? How about disposal?

Regarding the iGEM Groningen design in 2012: How would you make an applicable, useful and simple detector for food e.g. in the fridge? If you put your detector into the fridge at time 0, how fast would you know if the food is spoiled or not, regarding the design of your detector. E.g. bacteria based detector needs bacteria to grow and produce certain compound resulting in the detectable colour. Would the lower temperature have an effect on the time of compound production and therefore the spoilage detection? For the best results at the competition, rethink and discuss your application strategy with as many people as possible. Take the critique of the design and try to make it better. Be prepared to answer all of those questions and to defend your application design at the Jamboree (judges are very straightforward with the questions). Good luck with the project! Regards from Tjaša, Wageningen 2014 BananaGuard.

Well 1st of all great work u guys are doing. proud of u guys as an alum of Biotech, IIT Kgp. "If there was an easy, quick and trustworthy biological food spoilage detector how much will you spend to buy it?" i am confused­ Are u talking about the machine r the replaceble strips. Please mention. All the best and jeetkeana....

I wouldn't pay a cent to buy something that will let me know if something is spoiled or not. In my experience (I cook), I have till date been able to detect if a food is gone bad or not pretty effectively. A strip or any other innovation on this arena, I think will not do any good as it is in fact, redundant. Nature has already done this for us. All you're doing is appealing to the eyes, which I believe would not really serve the purpose.

Interviews:

On the 3rd of September, three of our team members interviewed an eminent faculty member of IIT Kharagpur, Prof. Hari Niwas Mishra of the Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, who is an expert in the field of Health Foods & Nutraceuticals, Innovative Food Processing Technologies and Food Safety & Quality Control. This is how it went:

us: Sir you have been working in this field for about 21 years...can you tell us about the statistics of food spoilage in the country...like how much wood gets wasted every year due to spoilage?

prof mishra: You see, a few days ago i was reading in the news reports that ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) conducted a recent study in association with CIPHET (Central Institute of Post­Harvest Engineering and Technology), which involved a survey to assess spoilage incurred in food storage, handling,etc. According to the report, 4­8% of food grains, and 15­18% of perishables get destroyed every year due to food spoilage.

us: Can you tell us about the various techniques that are currently available for detection of food spoilage?

prof mishra: there are old traditional techniques which include various types of plating methods, and techniques to obtain microbial counts which have been in use since decades. Among the new methods, electronic sensor­based techniques are more prevalent. Nowadays, biological kits, for detecting specific pathogenic microbes like salmonella are also available. HiMedia is one such company making biochemical test kits.

us: The acceptability of GMOs by the public is often seen as an issue when a genetically engineered product is released in the market. What are your views regarding the acceptability of our product, if commercialised?

prof mishra: There has always been a big divide in the Indian society when it comes to acceptance of any genetically engineered product. Equal groups of people are willing to accept and equal groups are against it. Most are concerned regarding the safety of the product, whether it has any side effects or not, since that has never been established in a solid manner in the past. If somehow we can establish that our product is absolutely SAFE for consumer use, then we can surely think of a long­term capture of the market.

us: How do you propose we can solve these issues regarding acceptability of our product, if released?

prof mishra: We first need to analyse what the consumers want from our product. As in most of the food products, it is the economic and nutritional benefits that they look for...and simultaneously the product must be safe to use continuously. These days, due to high level of adulteration in food products, consumers are always in an apprehending mode and try to avoid new products. But the change has to come at some point. For that, they have to be convinced aptly.

us: Do you think that our product can be easily incorporated into the food quality control industry, given the available practices in that field? what industries can we target?

prof mishra: yeah, concept­wise, it appears OK. But still those people need to know the exact details of how it works, the pros and cons, disposal issues (if any), which are the substrates on which it works best and several other factors. The stability and user­friendliness of the product are of utmost importance while deciding its integration into the market. You can target the local companies manufacturing analytical instruments at first...they are the ones which can try and introduce your product at a small level and then increase your influence gradually. Eg. Alpha moss, novozymes, Fox, etc.