Difference between revisions of "Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour72"
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<p> <span class="intro"> For peptide aptamers</span> to be implementable in diagnostics and therapy, some challenges have to be accomodated. Antibodies comprise a dangerous threat for microorganisms displaying pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs are recognized by the antibodies <span class="tooltipLink">Fab</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Fab</span>fragment, antigen-binding</span>-region and induces an immune response through the <span class="tooltipLink">Fc</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Fc</span>fragment, crystallizable</span>-region, that binds effector cells of the immune system. The effector mechanisms include: <span class="tooltipLink">Opsonisation</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Opsonisation</span><i>Opson</i> originates from Grece, where it referrers to a delicious side-dish. In this context it means that antibodies mark pathogens, making them more appetizing for phagocytes (i.e. neutrophils and macrophages)</span>, <span class="tooltipLink">agglutination</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Agglutination</span><i>Agglutinare</i> is Latin and means "to glue". In the immune response it means that the antibodies bind multiple antigens, creating a cluster which is easier for the phagocytes to process in one portion instead of one by one.</span> and <span class="tooltipLink">complement activation</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Complement System</span>When the system is activated, several proteases begin to cleave proteins that release certain cytokines, toxic to the pathogen. By a cascade of cleavage reactions the result is the production of a so called <i>cell killing membrane attack complex</i> that will destroy the given microbe.</span> among other reactions. | <p> <span class="intro"> For peptide aptamers</span> to be implementable in diagnostics and therapy, some challenges have to be accomodated. Antibodies comprise a dangerous threat for microorganisms displaying pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs are recognized by the antibodies <span class="tooltipLink">Fab</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Fab</span>fragment, antigen-binding</span>-region and induces an immune response through the <span class="tooltipLink">Fc</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Fc</span>fragment, crystallizable</span>-region, that binds effector cells of the immune system. The effector mechanisms include: <span class="tooltipLink">Opsonisation</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Opsonisation</span><i>Opson</i> originates from Grece, where it referrers to a delicious side-dish. In this context it means that antibodies mark pathogens, making them more appetizing for phagocytes (i.e. neutrophils and macrophages)</span>, <span class="tooltipLink">agglutination</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Agglutination</span><i>Agglutinare</i> is Latin and means "to glue". In the immune response it means that the antibodies bind multiple antigens, creating a cluster which is easier for the phagocytes to process in one portion instead of one by one.</span> and <span class="tooltipLink">complement activation</span><span class="tooltip"><span class="tooltipHeader">Complement System</span>When the system is activated, several proteases begin to cleave proteins that release certain cytokines, toxic to the pathogen. By a cascade of cleavage reactions the result is the production of a so called <i>cell killing membrane attack complex</i> that will destroy the given microbe.</span> among other reactions. | ||
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| + | <span class="intro"> Recently small gold nanoparticles (sAuNPs)</span> have shown to be excellent vehicles for drug delivery and cancer therapy. By somehow attaching sAuNPs to our peptide aptamer it would be possible to detect and attack pathogenic organisms such as cancer cells. | ||
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Revision as of 20:35, 16 September 2015
Medical aspects
For peptide aptamers to be implementable in diagnostics and therapy, some challenges have to be accomodated. Antibodies comprise a dangerous threat for microorganisms displaying pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs are recognized by the antibodies FabFabfragment, antigen-binding-region and induces an immune response through the FcFcfragment, crystallizable-region, that binds effector cells of the immune system. The effector mechanisms include: OpsonisationOpsonisationOpson originates from Grece, where it referrers to a delicious side-dish. In this context it means that antibodies mark pathogens, making them more appetizing for phagocytes (i.e. neutrophils and macrophages), agglutinationAgglutinationAgglutinare is Latin and means "to glue". In the immune response it means that the antibodies bind multiple antigens, creating a cluster which is easier for the phagocytes to process in one portion instead of one by one. and complement activationComplement SystemWhen the system is activated, several proteases begin to cleave proteins that release certain cytokines, toxic to the pathogen. By a cascade of cleavage reactions the result is the production of a so called cell killing membrane attack complex that will destroy the given microbe. among other reactions.
Recently small gold nanoparticles (sAuNPs) have shown to be excellent vehicles for drug delivery and cancer therapy. By somehow attaching sAuNPs to our peptide aptamer it would be possible to detect and attack pathogenic organisms such as cancer cells.