Difference between revisions of "Team:CHINA CD UESTC/Description"
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− | Do you know how to solve energy crisis utilizing biological methods? Have you ever heard about how to construct a enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC)? Nothing is too strange in the nature. There are many special properties of bacteria in | + | Do you know how to solve energy crisis utilizing biological methods? Have you ever heard about how to construct a enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC)? Nothing is too strange in the nature. There are many special properties of bacteria in nature such as producing electricity, being attracted by magnet. Please read this page. |
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− | In the EBFC, | + | In the EBFC, we found two high-efficiency oxidases, glucose oxidase and laccase, which could be used in anode region and cathode region respectively. At the same time, we learned that laccase was also involved in the degradation of wide range industrial pollutants. Thus, those wastewater could be used to produce electricity by linking laccase to the cathode in our EBFC. For the purpose of visualizing the location and concentration of laccase, we combined RFP with laccase. After that, we designed a way of enriching laccase on the cathode--using magnetosomes(Figure 1)! |
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/c/c8/CHINA_CD_UESTC_DesOV.png" width="100%" style="margin-left:80px"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/c/c8/CHINA_CD_UESTC_DesOV.png" width="100%" style="margin-left:80px"> | ||
− | <p id="pic_illustration"> <strong>Figure 1.</strong>The flow diagram of our project. First, we fused RFP with | + | <p id="pic_illustration"> <strong>Figure 1.</strong>The flow diagram of our project. First, we fused RFP with laccase to make it visible. Then we wanted to construct a high-efficiency enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) by enriching laccase, and lacasse was connected to magnteosome via an anchor protein encoded by a <i>mamW</i> gene. |
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− | Among numerous renewable energy, bioenergy is a kind of clean renewable energy and a potential excellent substitute for fossil fuel. With the advantages of biotechnology biofuel cell(EBFC) previously mentioned, many researches has been done widely. | + | Among numerous renewable energy, bioenergy is a kind of clean renewable energy and a potential excellent substitute for fossil fuel. With the advantages of biotechnology biofuel cell (EBFC) previously mentioned, many researches has been done widely. |
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− | Biofuel cell is divided into microbial fuel cell(MFC) and enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC).The three teams paid attention on microbial fuel cell(MFC). But we chose EBFC in our project. EBFC, a special kind of fuel cell which uses organics as fuels and enzymes as catalysts, is generally separated into anode region and cathode region by proton exchange membrane. Fuels are oxidized under the action of enzyme in the anode region. Oxygen is reduced in the cathode region. | + | Biofuel cell is divided into microbial fuel cell (MFC) and enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC).The three teams paid attention on microbial fuel cell (MFC). But we chose EBFC in our project. EBFC, a special kind of fuel cell which uses organics as fuels and enzymes as catalysts, is generally separated into anode region and cathode region by proton exchange membrane. Fuels are oxidized under the action of enzyme in the anode region. Oxygen is reduced in the cathode region. |
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− | EBFC | + | EBFC has broad application prospect, so we want to create a new type of device to develop the bioenergy. |
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− | <h3>Biocatalyst: | + | <h3>Biocatalyst: laccase, a kind of oxidoreductase</h3> |
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− | The main configurations of enzymatic fuel cells involve bioanodes based on glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase or lactate oxidase and biocathodes based on copper oxidases such as | + | The main configurations of enzymatic fuel cells involve bioanodes based on glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase or lactate oxidase and biocathodes based on copper oxidases such as laccase, tyrosinase or bilirubin oxidase. This concept was initiated by Mano et al. who implanted microbioelectrodes based on osmium redox hydrogels, in a grape obtaining thus 2.4mW at 0.54v |
<sup>[4]</sup> | <sup>[4]</sup> | ||
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− | Meanwhile, | + | Meanwhile, laccase has the property of oxidizing a wide range of substrates such as phenolic compounds, so it can be used in sewage disposal. Our project used these two enzymes and transformed the cathode. We constructed the expression vector of |
<i>RFP</i> | <i>RFP</i> | ||
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and transformed it into | and transformed it into | ||
<i>E. coli</i> | <i>E. coli</i> | ||
− | . The | + | . The RFP can be used as an indication of laccase’s concentration and activity. According to the method of electron transfer, EBFC can be divided into electronic media electrodes and direct electrochemical electrodes. Considered that the latter has high catalytic efficiency and small restriction by environment, we tried to enrich the laccase on the cathode to enhance the redox potential of our EFBC. |
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Traditional chemical approaches | Traditional chemical approaches | ||
<sup>[6]</sup> | <sup>[6]</sup> | ||
− | of fixing | + | of fixing laccase may affect the activity of laccase and are toxicological. So we hoped to find a better method! |
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− | Of course using synthetic biological methods is a great idea to achieve our goal. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), a kind of bacteria that can be attracted by magnet, are a superexcellent choice for us. We noticed that MTB contain a fantastic structure-- magnteosome. It is a magnetic nano materials covered by biofilm. And the magnetosome is essential to magnetotaxis. | + | Of course using synthetic biological methods is a great idea to achieve our goal. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), a kind of bacteria that can be attracted by magnet, are a superexcellent choice for us. We noticed that MTB contain a fantastic structure--magnteosome. It is a magnetic nano materials covered by biofilm. And the magnetosome is essential to magnetotaxis. |
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− | After our investigation, we decided to connect | + | After our investigation, we decided to connect laccases to the magnetosome's membrane to gather them on the cathode surface. |
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Finally, we co-transferred all the vectors we constructed to make | Finally, we co-transferred all the vectors we constructed to make | ||
<i>E.coli</i> | <i>E.coli</i> | ||
− | produce magnetosomes carrying | + | produce magnetosomes carrying laccase. The special magnetosomes would be used into our EBFC to improve the electron transfer efficiency! |
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<p>[3] Bob Dudley,et al. BP Energy Outlook 2035</p> | <p>[3] Bob Dudley,et al. BP Energy Outlook 2035</p> | ||
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− | [4] | + | [4] Mano N, Mao F, Heller A. Characteristics of a miniature compartment-less glucose-O2 biofuel cell and its operation in a living plant[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2003, 125(21): 6588-6594. |
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− | [6] | + | [6] Babadostu A, Guldu O K, Demirkol D O, et al. Affinity Based Laccase Immobilization on Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles: Biosensing Platform for the Monitoring of Phenolic Compounds[J]. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials, 2015, 64(5): 260-266. |
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− | [8] Kolinko I | + | [8]Kolinko I, Lohße A, Borg S, et al. Biosynthesis of magnetic nanostructures in a foreign organism by transfer of bacterial magnetosome gene clusters[J]. Nature nanotechnology, 2014, 9(3): 193-197. |
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Latest revision as of 10:22, 18 September 2015
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DESCRIPTION
Do you know how to solve energy crisis utilizing biological methods? Have you ever heard about how to construct a enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC)? Nothing is too strange in the nature. There are many special properties of bacteria in nature such as producing electricity, being attracted by magnet. Please read this page.