Difference between revisions of "Team:CityU HK/Description"

 
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              Overview
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<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;">What is lactose intolerance? Why do we want to tackle it?</h2>
 
<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;">What is lactose intolerance? Why do we want to tackle it?</h2>
  
<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:left;">For most people, indulging in sweet food like ice-cream, cheesecake and chocolate is as natural as breathing. However, the same kind of food could remind some people of the discomfort and annoyance brought on by lactose intolerance. Should they avoid all these delicacies altogether or resort to taking lactase pills every time after eating food containing lactose? Here, we offer you a new choice. &nbsp;<br /><br /><br />Lactose intolerance is a gastrointestinal problem signified by symptoms such as bloating, stomach cramps, diarrhea and nausea after consuming milk or dairy products. Normally, lactase in the small intestine will break down lactose into glucose and galactose for absorption. For people with lactose intolerance, their body produces little or no lactase. Undigested lactose will therefore enter the colon where bacteria may ferment the lactose to produce lactic acid and gases as by-products. These by-products are the culprits of the symptoms.<br /><br />There is evidence suggesting that dairy consumption is associated with lower risk of hypertension and higher rate of bone mineralization. To help people with lactose intolerance to enjoy the diverse health benefits from dairy consumption, &nbsp;our iGEM Team (CityU_HK) has set a goal to tackle this problem.&nbsp;<br /></div>
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<div class="paragraph" >For most people, indulging in sweet food like ice-cream, cheesecake and chocolate is as natural as breathing. However, the same kind of food could remind some people of the discomfort and annoyance brought on by lactose intolerance. Should they avoid all these delicacies altogether or resort to taking lactase pills every time after eating food containing lactose? Here, we offer you a new choice. &nbsp;<br /><br /><br />Lactose intolerance is a gastrointestinal problem signified by symptoms such as bloating, stomach cramps, diarrhea and nausea after consuming milk or dairy products. Normally, lactase in the small intestine will break down lactose into glucose and galactose for absorption. For people with lactose intolerance, their bodies produce little or no lactase. Undigested lactose will therefore enter the colon where bacteria may ferment the lactose to produce lactic acid and gases as by-products. These by-products are the culprits of the symptoms.<br /><br />There is evidence suggesting that dairy consumption is associated with lower risk of hypertension and higher rate of bone mineralization. To help people with lactose intolerance to enjoy the diverse health benefits from dairy consumption, &nbsp;our iGEM Team (CityU_HK) has set a goal to tackle this problem.&nbsp;<br /><br/></div>
  
 
<img id="overview_pic" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/8/80/2015CityU_HK_OverviewHeader.jpg">
 
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<p id="pic_title">Overview of our project</p>
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<p id="pic_title"><center><font size="4"><u><b>Overview of our project</center></font></u></b></p>
  
 
<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;">How are we going to tackle it?</h2>
 
<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;">How are we going to tackle it?</h2>
  
<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:left;"><span style="">We aim to design and construct a probiotic&nbsp;<em style="">E. coli</em>&nbsp;strain that (1) produces high level of the beta-galactosidase enzyme (a type of lactase) constitutively, and (2) autolyses to release the beta-galactosidase enzyme upon detecting lactose in the external environment. For process (1), we will construct a&nbsp;<em style=""><i>lacZ</i></em>&nbsp;(beta-galactosidase) &nbsp;-<em style=""><i>lacY'</i></em>&nbsp;(lactose permease) biobrick that is driven by a strong constitutive promoter &nbsp;to enable high &nbsp;expression of the beta-galactosidase enzyme. For process (2), we will construct a lysis cassette&nbsp; consisting of the S (holin)-R (endolysin) -Rz (spannin) genes driven by a&nbsp;<em style="">lac</em>I promoter&nbsp; to facilitate lactose-induced cell lysis.</span><br /><br /><span style="">To optimize the efficiency of&nbsp;<em style="">E. coli</em>&nbsp;cell lysis, we will carry out the following modifications to certain genes in the lysis cassette:</span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1. Genes in the lysis cassette &nbsp;will be codon optimized for optimal expression in&nbsp;<em style="">E. coli;</em></span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2. The anti-holin component will be deleted to speed up cell lysis;</span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3. Specific mutations will be introduced into the lysis gene cassette to facilitate shorter lysis time.</span><br /><span style=""></span><br /><span style="">In this project, we will also prepare and compare the lysis efficiency of two different lysis cassettes &ndash; (1) Cassette 1 will be constructed using the S</span>&lambda;<span style="">, R</span>&lambda;<span style="">&nbsp;and Rz</span>&lambda;<span style="">&nbsp;genes derived from&nbsp;</span><em style="">E. coli&nbsp;</em><span style="">lambda phage, and (2) Cassette 2 will be constructed using the S</span>21<span style="">, R</span>21<span style="">&nbsp;and Rz</span>21<span style="">&nbsp;genes derived from&nbsp;</span><em style="">E. coli&nbsp;</em><span style="">phage 21.</span></div></div>
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<div class="paragraph" ><span style="">We aim to design and construct a probiotic&nbsp;<em style="">E. coli</em>&nbsp;strain that (1) produces high level of the &beta;-galactosidase enzyme (a type of lactase) constitutively, and (2) autolyses to release the &beta;-galactosidase enzyme upon detecting lactose in the external environment. For process (1), we will construct a&nbsp;<em style=""><i>lacZ</i></em>&nbsp;(&beta;-galactosidase) &nbsp;-<em style=""><i>lacY'</i></em>&nbsp;(lactose permease) biobrick that is driven by a strong constitutive promoter &nbsp;to enable high &nbsp;expression of the &beta;-galactosidase enzyme. For process (2), we will construct a lysis cassette consisting of the <i>S</i> (holin)-<i>R</i> (endolysin) -<i>Rz</i> (spannin) genes driven by a&nbsp;<em style="">lac</em>I promoter&nbsp; to facilitate lactose-induced cell lysis.</span><br /><br /><span style="">To optimize the efficiency of&nbsp;<em style="">E. coli</em>&nbsp;cell lysis, we will carry out the following modifications to certain genes in the lysis cassette:</span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1. Genes in the lysis cassette &nbsp;will be codon optimized for optimal expression in&nbsp;<em style="">E. coli;</em></span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2. The anti-holin component will be deleted to speed up cell lysis;</span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3. Specific mutations will be introduced into the lysis gene cassette to facilitate shorter lysis time.</span><br /><span style=""></span><br /><span style="">In this project, we will also prepare and compare the lysis efficiency of two different lysis cassettes &ndash; (1) Cassette 1 will be constructed using the <i>S</i></span>&lambda;<span style="">, <i>R</i></span>&lambda;<span style="">&nbsp;and <i>Rz</i></span>&lambda;<span style="">&nbsp;genes derived from&nbsp;</span><em style="">E. coli&nbsp;</em><span style=""> phage lambda, and (2) Cassette 2 will be constructed using the <i>S</i></span>21<span style="">, <i>R</i></span>21<span style="">&nbsp;and <i>Rz</i></span>21<span style="">&nbsp;genes derived from&nbsp;</span><em style="">E. coli&nbsp;</em><span style="">phage 21.</span></div></div>
 
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Latest revision as of 16:09, 18 September 2015

Description - iGEM2015 wiki over