Difference between revisions of "Team:Stanford-Brown/Description"

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<h2> Project Description </h2>
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<p>Tell us about your project, describe what moves you and why this is something important for your team.</p>
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  <title>Projects</title>
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<h5>What should this page contain?</h5>
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<ul>
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<li> A clear and concise description of your project.</li>
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<li>A detailed explanation of why your team chose to work on this particular project.</li>
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<li>References and sources to document your research.</li>
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<li>Use illustrations and other visual resources to explain your project.</li>
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<h4>Advice on writing your Project Description</h4>
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We encourage you to put up a lot of information and content on your wiki, but we also encourage you to include summaries as much as possible. If you think of the sections in your project description as the sections in a publication, you should try to be consist, accurate and unambiguous in your achievements.  
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        <h1>Project Overview<small> <br>biOrigami for Manufacturing in Space<small></h1>     
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        <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded head123" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/0e/SB2015_ProjectOverview.png" alt="Project Overview">
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Judges like to read your wiki and know exactly what you have achieved. This is how you should think about these sections; from the point of view of the judge evaluating you at the end of the year.
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<h4>References</h4>
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<p>iGEM teams are encouraged to record references you use during the course of your research. They should be posted somewhere on your wiki so that judges and other visitors can see how you though about your project and what works inspired you.</p>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Our Vision<span class="small"> <br>To create biOrigami: self-folding, biological origami for space missions</span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">Space exploration lies at the inquisitive core of human nature, yet high costs hinder the advancement of this frontier. We are harnessing the replicative properties of biology to create biOrigami—biological, self-folding origami—to reduce the mass, volume, and assembly time of materials needed for space missions. biOrigami consists of two main components: manufacturing substrates biologically and bioengineering folding mechanisms. For substrates, we are developing new BioBricks to synthesize two thermoplastics: polystyrene and polyhydroxyalkanoates. For folding mechanisms, we are using heat-induced contraction of thermoplastics and the contractile properties of bacterial spores. After consulting with experts, we believe that biOrigami could be incorporated into rovers, solar sails, and more. In addition to biOrigami, we are creating a novel method to efficiently transform bacteria by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, benefitting the broader synthetic biology community. Our project integrates and improves manufacturing processes for space exploration on both the micro and macro levels.</p>
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      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/Vision" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Read More!</a>
  
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<h4>Inspiration</h4>
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<p>See how other teams have described and presented their projects: </p>
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Project"> Imperial</a></li>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Our BioBricks</h2>
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:UC_Davis/Project_Overview"> UC Davis</a></li>
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      <p class="lead">The BioBricks that we submitted to the registry are related to plastic production, cellulose binding, sporulation markers, and pigment production. Click to see more.</p>
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SYSU-Software/Overview">SYSU Software</a></li>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">How does it work? <span class="small"> <br>With heat, evaporation, and materials that could be produced in space</span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">Bacteria can be engineered to produce thermoplastics, and some species naturally produce cellulose. These materials can be folded with heat and evaporation, respectively. Selectively heating certain parts of a thermoplastic sheet causes the polymers in only that area to contract, causing a macro-scale fold of the sheet. This selective heating can be done by coloring parts of the sheet darker, so they absorb heat faster. As for the evaporation method, bacterial spores expand and contract when in the presence of different levels of relative humidity. Attaching many spores to a long cellulose sheet can cause it to contract, and placing many of these sheets in parallel gives them the ability to move a large amount of weight as the water from the spores evaporates and they all contract in unison.</p>
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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      <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f3/SB2015_SubprojectOverview.png" alt="Subproject Overview">
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Polystyrene <span class="small"> <br>Engineering <i>E. coli</i> to produce thermoplastics</span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">Polystyrene is widely-used thermoplastic that is resistant to photolysis. Our team worked on creating the first BioBricks for producing polystyrene <i>in vivo</i>. We believe that the properties of this plastic make it attractive for manufacturing objects on long-term missions to other planets. </p>
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      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/PS" class="btn btn-danger btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/7d/SB2015_polymerized_styrene.jpeg" class="pull-right img-rounded img-responsive" width="500">
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            <p><font size="1"><b>Polymerized Styrene</b> </font></p>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Poly-3-hydroxybuterate, P(3HB) <span class="small"> <br>Optimizing the biological production of additional thermoplastics </span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">P(3HB) is a biodegradable, non-toxic biopolymer with properties similar to those of common plastics. It has a low glass transition temperature and can be formed into flat sheets for folding biOrigami. We are building on previous iGEM teams' work to optimize the production of P(3HB) for use in space.</p>
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      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/PHA" class="btn btn-warning btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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      <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3f/SB2015_p3hbsheet.jpeg">
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    <h2 class="featurette-heading">BioHYDRAS<span class="small"> <br>Creating biological artificial muscles</span></h2>
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    <p class="lead">Based on work done by Chen <i>et al.</i> at Columbia university, we sought to employ the contractile properties of bacterial spores to use as a folding mechanism for biOrigami. Since spores are resistant to high amounts of radiation and dramatic changes in temperature, they could be suitable for use on space missions. </p>
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    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/bioHYDRA" class="btn btn-success btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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    <h2 class="featurette-heading">CRATER <span class="small"> <br>CRISPR/Cas9-Assisted Transformation-Efficient Reaction</span></h2>
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    <p class="lead">Our team has devised a method of increasing the efficiency of bacterial transformations&mdash;a technique used by iGEMers and biologists world-wide.</p>
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    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/CRATER" class="btn btn-info btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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    <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/7f/SB2015_CRATEROverview.png" alt="CRATER Overview">
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      <h6>Copyright &copy; 2015 Stanford-Brown iGEM Team</h6>
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Latest revision as of 03:22, 19 September 2015

Projects

Project Overview
biOrigami for Manufacturing in Space

Project Overview

Our Vision
To create biOrigami: self-folding, biological origami for space missions

Space exploration lies at the inquisitive core of human nature, yet high costs hinder the advancement of this frontier. We are harnessing the replicative properties of biology to create biOrigami—biological, self-folding origami—to reduce the mass, volume, and assembly time of materials needed for space missions. biOrigami consists of two main components: manufacturing substrates biologically and bioengineering folding mechanisms. For substrates, we are developing new BioBricks to synthesize two thermoplastics: polystyrene and polyhydroxyalkanoates. For folding mechanisms, we are using heat-induced contraction of thermoplastics and the contractile properties of bacterial spores. After consulting with experts, we believe that biOrigami could be incorporated into rovers, solar sails, and more. In addition to biOrigami, we are creating a novel method to efficiently transform bacteria by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, benefitting the broader synthetic biology community. Our project integrates and improves manufacturing processes for space exploration on both the micro and macro levels.

Read More!

How does it work?
With heat, evaporation, and materials that could be produced in space

Bacteria can be engineered to produce thermoplastics, and some species naturally produce cellulose. These materials can be folded with heat and evaporation, respectively. Selectively heating certain parts of a thermoplastic sheet causes the polymers in only that area to contract, causing a macro-scale fold of the sheet. This selective heating can be done by coloring parts of the sheet darker, so they absorb heat faster. As for the evaporation method, bacterial spores expand and contract when in the presence of different levels of relative humidity. Attaching many spores to a long cellulose sheet can cause it to contract, and placing many of these sheets in parallel gives them the ability to move a large amount of weight as the water from the spores evaporates and they all contract in unison.
















Subproject Overview

Polystyrene
Engineering E. coli to produce thermoplastics

Polystyrene is widely-used thermoplastic that is resistant to photolysis. Our team worked on creating the first BioBricks for producing polystyrene in vivo. We believe that the properties of this plastic make it attractive for manufacturing objects on long-term missions to other planets.

Read More!

Polymerized Styrene

Poly-3-hydroxybuterate, P(3HB)
Optimizing the biological production of additional thermoplastics

P(3HB) is a biodegradable, non-toxic biopolymer with properties similar to those of common plastics. It has a low glass transition temperature and can be formed into flat sheets for folding biOrigami. We are building on previous iGEM teams' work to optimize the production of P(3HB) for use in space.

Read More!

BioHYDRAS
Creating biological artificial muscles

Based on work done by Chen et al. at Columbia university, we sought to employ the contractile properties of bacterial spores to use as a folding mechanism for biOrigami. Since spores are resistant to high amounts of radiation and dramatic changes in temperature, they could be suitable for use on space missions.

Read More!
Generic placeholder image

CRATER
CRISPR/Cas9-Assisted Transformation-Efficient Reaction

Our team has devised a method of increasing the efficiency of bacterial transformations—a technique used by iGEMers and biologists world-wide.

Read More!
CRATER Overview
Copyright © 2015 Stanford-Brown iGEM Team