Difference between revisions of "Team:TJU/Results"

 
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         <ul>  
 
         <ul>  
 
             <li class="hmain" style="margin-top:20px;">  
 
             <li class="hmain" style="margin-top:20px;">  
                     <a href="#Safety_training">Overview</a>
+
                     <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Overview">Overview</a>
                    <ul>
+
                    <li>
+
                        <a href="#Lab Safety course and exam">Lab Safety course and exam</a>
+
                    </li>
+
                    <li>
+
                        <a href="#Safety Assistance From Advisors">Safety Assistance From Advisors</a>  
+
                    </li>
+
                </ul> 
+
 
           </li>  
 
           </li>  
 
             <li class="hmain">  
 
             <li class="hmain">  
                 <a href="#Researcher Safety">Background</a>
+
                 <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Background">Background</a>
 
                 <ul>  
 
                 <ul>  
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#Microbial">Microbial fuel cells (MFCs)</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Background#Microbial">Microbial fuel cells (MFCs)</a>  
 
                     </li>  
 
                     </li>  
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#Typical">Typical exoelectrogens of MFCs</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Background#Typical">Typical exoelectrogens of MFCs</a>  
 
                     </li>  
 
                     </li>  
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#consortia">Microbial consortia</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Background#consortia">Microbial consortia</a>  
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                        <a href="#Intracellular">Intracellular protein degradation</a>  
+
                      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Background#Intracellular">Intracellular protein degradation</a>
 
                     </li>  
 
                     </li>  
 +
                </ul>
 +
            </li>
 +
            <li class="hmain"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Design">Design</a>
 +
                <ul>
 +
                    <li>
 +
                    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Design#Lactate producing system">Lactate producing system</a>
 +
                    </li>
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#Acid">Acid inducible promoter -P170</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Design#Flavins producing system">Flavins producing system</a>  
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#Reference1">References</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Design#Co-culture MFC">Co-culture MFC</a>  
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
 +
                    <li>
 +
                        <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Design#References">References</a>
 +
                    </li>
 
                 </ul>  
 
                 </ul>  
             </li>  
+
             </li>
             <li class="hmain"><a href="#Safety_Control_Diagram">Design</a>  
+
             <li class="hmain"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Results">Results</a>  
             </li>  
+
             <ul>  
            <li class="hmain"><a href="#Dispersing and killing system">Results</a>  
+
                    <li>
                <ul>  
+
                    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Results#Lactate producing system">Lactate producing system</a>  
 +
                    </li>
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#Dispersing and killing system">Dispersing and killing system</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Results#Flavins producing system">Flavins producing system</a>  
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
 
                     <li>  
 
                     <li>  
                         <a href="#References2">References</a>  
+
                         <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Results#Co-culture MFC">Co-culture MFC</a>  
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
              <li class="hmain">
 
                <a href="#Link To Our Safety Form">Link To Our Safety Form</a>
 
            </li> 
 
 
                 </ul>  
 
                 </ul>  
             </li>
+
 
             <li>  
+
             </li>  
             <a href="https://2015.igem.org" ></br></br></br></br><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1a/TJU_main.png" width="200"  border="none" /></a>  
+
             <li class="hmain"><a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Future Work">Future Work</a>  
 +
                <ul>
 +
                    <li>
 +
                    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Future Work#Proteolysis system">Proteolysis system</a>
 +
                    </li>
 +
                    <li>
 +
                        <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:TJU/Future Work#References2">References</a>
 +
                    </li>
 +
                </ul>              
 +
            </li>
 +
            <li> <a href="https://2015.igem.org" ></br></br></br></br><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/1a/TJU_main.png" width="200"  border="none" /></a>  
 
             </li>
 
             </li>
 
         </ul>  
 
         </ul>  
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     <div align="center"><h2>Results</h2></div>
 
     <div align="center"><h2>Results</h2></div>
 
     </br>
 
     </br>
    <div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
 
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/28/R-Part1.png
 
" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/28/R-Part1.png
 
"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">         
 
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
 
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/28/R-Part1.png
 
"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
 
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
    <a name="Lactate producing system" id="Lactate producing system"></a><h3>1 Lactate producing system </h3> <hr></br>
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3d/R-PART_2.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3d/R-PART_2.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
<p>In order to verify our <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> part and <span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> knockout strategy have works well, we get following results. </p></br>
<div id="Enlarge">        
+
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3d/R-PART_2.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/05/MFC-1.png
+
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/5e/Result_1%27.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/5e/Result_1%27.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/05/MFC-1.png
+
"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改 111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> a: The growth curve in anaerobic condition (M9 medium). b: Glucose consumption curve in anaerobic condition (M9 medium).</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/05/MFC-1.png
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/5e/Result_1%27.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<p>Shown as figure 1a, under anaerobic conditions, wild-type MG1655 has the same growth rate as MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span>, but MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> + <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> keeps relatively lower growth rate than the two strains mentioned before. Shown as figure 1b, the anaerobic glucose consumption rate keeps the nearly same among MG1655, MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> and MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> + <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>.</p></br>
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/35/MFC-2.png
+
" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/35/MFC-2.png
+
"   width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
<div id="Enlarge">        
+
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/35/MFC-2.png
+
"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/a/ad/MFC-3.png
+
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/16/Result_2%281%29.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/16/Result_2%281%29.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/a/ad/MFC-3.png
+
"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改 111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 2.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> a: The lactate production curve in anaerobic condition (M9 medium). b: The lactate production in anaerobic condition (M9 medium, 25h after inoculation)</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/a/ad/MFC-3.png
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/16/Result_2%281%29.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<p>In anaerobic environment, lactate production of MG1655, MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> and MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span>+<span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> has large differences between each other. Notably, knocking out of <span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> together with <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> insertion will increase lactate generation up to ~3 g/L and the amount produced by MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> is smaller than MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span>+<span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>.</p></br>
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/8/8b/MFC-4.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/8/8b/MFC-4.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
 
 +
<p>So, knocking out of <span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> can dramatically improve the lactate production. Besides, <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> also plays an important role in lactate increase. Engineered lactate producing strain (MG1655Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span>+<span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>) has a greater utilization of carbon sources and a higher yield of lactate with M9 medium under the same concentrations of glucose.</p></br>
 +
 
 +
<a name="Flavins producing system" id="Flavins producing system"></a><h3> 2 Flavins producing system </h3> <hr></br>
 +
 
 +
<p>To prove the EC10 and EC10* work as expected, we conduct several experiments and the results are as follows.</p></br>
 +
 
 +
<div class="kuang" style="width:570px">
 +
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/20/QQ%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%8720150918005538.jpg" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/20/QQ%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%8720150918005538.jpg"  width="550"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 3.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The yield of riboflavin in different strains: EC10, Rf02S (Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pgi</span> + EC10), EC10*</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/8/8b/MFC-4.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/20/QQ%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%8720150918005538.jpg"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
 +
 
 +
<p>As shown in figure 4, <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span> BL21 with EC10 reaches a final yield of 17 mg/L in flask cultivation. <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span> BL21Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pgi</span> + EC10 reaches 33 mg/L. <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span> BL21 + EC10* reaches 90 mg/L.</p></br>
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<div class="kuang" style="width:590px">
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/19/MFC-5.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/19/MFC-5.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/25/Ribo-4.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/25/Ribo-4.png"  width="570"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 4.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The yield of riboflavin in different strains :EC10, Rf02S (Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pgi</span>+EC10), EC10* </span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/1/19/MFC-5.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/2/25/Ribo-4.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<a name="Co-culture MFC" id="Co-culture MFC"></a><h3> 3 Co-culture MFC -- <span style="font-style: normal; color:#ddbf73;">Division Of Labor</span> </h3> <hr></br>
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e4/MFC-6.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e4/MFC-6.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
 
 +
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
 +
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/c/c1/Result_5'.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/c/c1/Result_5'.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 5.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The electrical output of MFCs of single strain <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella oneidensis</span> MR-1 with different substrates.</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e4/MFC-6.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/c/c1/Result_5'.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<p>From the diagram above, we demonstrate that:</p>
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/56/MFC-7.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/56/MFC-7.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
<p>  1. <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> cannot use glucose as a mere carbon substrate to generate power and so the potential keeps no more than 50 mV. </p>           
 +
<p>  2. <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> can produce the maximal potential up to 150mV with supplement of sodium lactate. </p>
 +
<p>  3. <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> can produce even higher potential when we take sodium lactate as the carbon source and add little riboflavin into the system.</p></br>
 +
<p>Conclusion: According to our experiment, our system is feasible in principle. Lactate can serve as the entry point in material flow and riboflavin as the major factor in energy and information flow, which lays a foundation in the later experiment design. We can use fermentation bacteria to provide carbon sources and electron shuttles, which subsequently, will increase the power generation capability in the co-culture system.</p></br>
 +
 
 +
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
 +
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f9/Result_6.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f9/Result_6.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 6.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The electrical output of co-culture MFCs with preliminary division of labor</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/5/56/MFC-7.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f9/Result_6.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<p>Description:
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/60/MFC-8.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/60/MFC-8.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
The results show that dividing material, energy and information flow into separated fermentation bacteria is much better than combining the two tasks into one kind of bacteria. We suppose that the production of riboflavins and lactate cannot be consistent in single strain because lactate is the primary metabolites and riboflavin is the secondary.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>However, the electricity output cannot sustain for long and decrease promptly (as shown in figure 5).Based on the measurement, samples from anode reaches an excessively low pH (lower than 6.2) which might not meet the survival requirement of <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>To optimize the system, we try to control the rate of lactate production and adjust the proportion of fermentation bacteria.</p></br>
 +
 
 +
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
 +
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/01/Result_00.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/01/Result_00.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 7.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The electrical output of co-culture MFCs with optimized division of labor and bacteria proportion.</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/60/MFC-8.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/01/Result_00.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<p>The maximal potential increased up to 322 mV and could maintain for 30 hours in the optimized three-strain system. (consist of <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> and two kinds of <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span>)</p></br>
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f5/MFC-9.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f5/MFC-9.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
 
 +
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
 +
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3b/Result_8%27.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3b/Result_8%27.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 8.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The electrical output of co-culture system with fermentation bacteria added 8h later into the system</span>
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f5/MFC-9.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/3b/Result_8%27.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
 +
 
  
<div class="kuang" style="width:470px">
+
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/76/MFC-10.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/76/MFC-10.png"  width="450"  alt=""/></a>
+
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/6d/Result_12%27.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/6d/Result_12%27.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
 
<div id="Enlarge">           
<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> 图要改  111</span>
+
<p> <b>Figure 12.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> a
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/76/MFC-10.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
+
(1) A series of voltage brought by different external resistance from <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + Rf02S MFC system
 +
(2)The polarization curve and power density of <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + Rf02S MFC system.
 +
Besides, the highest power density can reach to 10mW/m<sup>2</sup>.
 +
b
 +
(1)A series of voltage brought by different external resistance from <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + <span style="font-style: italic">B. subtilis</span>
 +
(2)The polarization curve and power density of <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + <span style="font-style: italic">B. subtilis</span> MFC system.
 +
</span>
 +
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/6/6d/Result_12%27.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
<p>Figure 9: Among optimized <span style="font-style: italic">shewanella</span>, <span style="font-style: italic">shewanella</span>+MG1655 and <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+Rf02S, the three-strain coculture system reached a relatively higher potential that kept around 350 mV in 80 hours.</p></br>
+
<p>The relations between current density and voltage is referred as polarization curve while the power curve can represent the relations between output power density and current density. We can learn from the figure 13, the highest power density of (1) reaches 10 mW/m<sup>2</sup> and (2) reaches 17 mW/m<sup>2</sup>.</p></br>
<p>Conclusion: <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+Rf02S has been going through a preferable optimization. It led to the potential of 300 mV in 80 hours under the condition of 2 g/L glucose without any supplementary. So, it realized a higher and more endurable power generation when taking glucose as carbon sources in <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>.</p></br>
+
  
<p>Figure 10: The potential and time of duration in <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+<span style="font-style: italic">B.Subtilis</span> system can be raised into 511 mV and 80 h, respectively, resulted in a greater generation amount.</p></br>
 
  
<p>Figure 11:</p>
+
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
<p>The potential produce by <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span><span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+<span style="font-style: italic">B.Subtilis</span> is greater than <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+Rf02S for 176 mV. Cocultured <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>, <span style="font-style: italic">E.coli</span> and <span style="font-style: italic">B.subtilis</span> can achieve a better job division that can reduce the competition between two kinds of zymophyte since <span style="font-style: italic">B,subtilis</span> can anaerobically metabolize by using KNO<sub>3</sub>. It significantly improve the commensalism relations between three species.</p></br>
+
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/31/Result_13%27.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/31/Result_13%27.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
 +
<div id="Enlarge">         
 +
<p> <b>Figure 13.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px">(a) The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>, <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + MG1655, <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + Rf02S.
 +
(b)The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>, <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + MG1655 and <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + <span style="font-style: italic">B. Subtilis</span>.
 +
 +
</span>
 +
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/3/31/Result_13%27.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
 +
<p>It is obvious that the power output in three-strain MFC systems with a more complete division of labor are far greater than single-strain and two-strian MFCs.</p></br>
 +
It significantly improves the commensalism relations between electricigens and fermentation bacteria.</p></br>
  
  
<p>Figure 12</p>
+
<div class="kuang" style="width:770px">
(1) A series of voltage brought by different external resistance from <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+Rf02S</p>
+
</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d5/Result_14%27.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d5/Result_14%27.png"  width="750"  alt=""/></a>
(2) The relations between current density and voltage is well suited to polarization curve while the power curve can represent the relations between output power density and current density. Besides, the highest power density can reach to 10 mW/m<sup>2</sup>.</p></br>
+
<div id="Enlarge">         
 +
<p> <b>Figure 14.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + <span style="font-style: italic">B. Subtilis</span> and <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> + Δ<span style="font-style: italic">pflB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span> + Rf02S.</span>
 +
<a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d5/Result_14%27.png"  target="_blank"><img src=" https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg " width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
<p>Figure 13</p>
 
<p>(1) A series of voltage brought by different external resistance from <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+<span style="font-style: italic">B.Subtilis</span></p>
 
<p>(2) The relations between current density and voltage is well suited to polarization curve while the power curve can represent the relations between output power density and current density. Besides, the highest power density can reach to 17 mW/m<sup>2</sup>.</p></br>
 
  
  
<p>Figure 14</p>
+
 
The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among <span style="font-style: italic">shewanella</span>, <span style="font-style: italic">shewanella</span>+MG1655, <span style="font-style: italic">shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+Rf02S. It is obvious that the power output in <span style="font-style: italic">shewanella</span>+Δ<span style="font-style: italic">plfB</span> <span style="font-style: italic">ldhE</span>+Rf02S is far more bigger than the controled group.</p> </br> 
+
   
 
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
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       <p>Copyright 2015@TJU iGEM Team</p></div>
 
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Latest revision as of 14:03, 16 November 2015


Results


1 Lactate producing system



In order to verify our ldhE part and pflB knockout strategy have works well, we get following results.



Figure 1. a: The growth curve in anaerobic condition (M9 medium). b: Glucose consumption curve in anaerobic condition (M9 medium).


Shown as figure 1a, under anaerobic conditions, wild-type MG1655 has the same growth rate as MG1655ΔpflB, but MG1655ΔpflB + ldhE keeps relatively lower growth rate than the two strains mentioned before. Shown as figure 1b, the anaerobic glucose consumption rate keeps the nearly same among MG1655, MG1655ΔpflB and MG1655ΔpflB + ldhE.



Figure 2. a: The lactate production curve in anaerobic condition (M9 medium). b: The lactate production in anaerobic condition (M9 medium, 25h after inoculation)


In anaerobic environment, lactate production of MG1655, MG1655ΔpflB and MG1655ΔpflB+ldhE has large differences between each other. Notably, knocking out of pflB together with ldhE insertion will increase lactate generation up to ~3 g/L and the amount produced by MG1655ΔpflB is smaller than MG1655ΔpflB+ldhE.


So, knocking out of pflB can dramatically improve the lactate production. Besides, ldhE also plays an important role in lactate increase. Engineered lactate producing strain (MG1655ΔpflB+ldhE) has a greater utilization of carbon sources and a higher yield of lactate with M9 medium under the same concentrations of glucose.


2 Flavins producing system



To prove the EC10 and EC10* work as expected, we conduct several experiments and the results are as follows.



Figure 3. The yield of riboflavin in different strains: EC10, Rf02S (Δpgi + EC10), EC10*


As shown in figure 4, E. coli BL21 with EC10 reaches a final yield of 17 mg/L in flask cultivation. E. coli BL21Δpgi + EC10 reaches 33 mg/L. E. coli BL21 + EC10* reaches 90 mg/L.



Figure 4. The yield of riboflavin in different strains :EC10, Rf02S (Δpgi+EC10), EC10*


3 Co-culture MFC -- Division Of Labor




Figure 5. The electrical output of MFCs of single strain Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 with different substrates.


From the diagram above, we demonstrate that:

1. Shewanella cannot use glucose as a mere carbon substrate to generate power and so the potential keeps no more than 50 mV.

2. Shewanella can produce the maximal potential up to 150mV with supplement of sodium lactate.

3. Shewanella can produce even higher potential when we take sodium lactate as the carbon source and add little riboflavin into the system.


Conclusion: According to our experiment, our system is feasible in principle. Lactate can serve as the entry point in material flow and riboflavin as the major factor in energy and information flow, which lays a foundation in the later experiment design. We can use fermentation bacteria to provide carbon sources and electron shuttles, which subsequently, will increase the power generation capability in the co-culture system.



Figure 6. The electrical output of co-culture MFCs with preliminary division of labor


Description: The results show that dividing material, energy and information flow into separated fermentation bacteria is much better than combining the two tasks into one kind of bacteria. We suppose that the production of riboflavins and lactate cannot be consistent in single strain because lactate is the primary metabolites and riboflavin is the secondary.

However, the electricity output cannot sustain for long and decrease promptly (as shown in figure 5).Based on the measurement, samples from anode reaches an excessively low pH (lower than 6.2) which might not meet the survival requirement of Shewanella.

To optimize the system, we try to control the rate of lactate production and adjust the proportion of fermentation bacteria.



Figure 7. The electrical output of co-culture MFCs with optimized division of labor and bacteria proportion.


The maximal potential increased up to 322 mV and could maintain for 30 hours in the optimized three-strain system. (consist of Shewanella and two kinds of E. coli)



Figure 8. The electrical output of co-culture system with fermentation bacteria added 8h later into the system



Figure 12. a (1) A series of voltage brought by different external resistance from Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + Rf02S MFC system (2)The polarization curve and power density of Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + Rf02S MFC system. Besides, the highest power density can reach to 10mW/m2. b (1)A series of voltage brought by different external resistance from Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + B. subtilis (2)The polarization curve and power density of Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + B. subtilis MFC system.


The relations between current density and voltage is referred as polarization curve while the power curve can represent the relations between output power density and current density. We can learn from the figure 13, the highest power density of (1) reaches 10 mW/m2 and (2) reaches 17 mW/m2.



Figure 13. (a) The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among Shewanella, Shewanella + MG1655, Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + Rf02S. (b)The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among Shewanella, Shewanella + MG1655 and Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + B. Subtilis.


It is obvious that the power output in three-strain MFC systems with a more complete division of labor are far greater than single-strain and two-strian MFCs.


It significantly improves the commensalism relations between electricigens and fermentation bacteria.



Figure 14. The comparison of polarization curve and power curve among Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + B. Subtilis and Shewanella + ΔpflB ldhE + Rf02S.