Difference between revisions of "Team:NEFU China"

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{{NEFU_China}}
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<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<h2> Welcome to iGEM 2015! </h2>
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<p>Your team has been approved and you are ready to start the iGEM season! </p>
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<h4>Before you start: </h4>
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    <title>Blog Template for Flight iGEM</title>
<p> Please read the following pages:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>  <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Requirements">Requirements page </a> </li>
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<li> <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Wiki_How-To">Wiki Requirements page</a></li>
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</ul>
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<div class="highlightBox">
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    <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<h4> Styling your wiki </h4>
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    <link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<p>You may style this page as you like or you can simply leave the style as it is. You can easily keep the styling and edit the content of these default wiki pages with your project information and completely fulfill the requirement to document your project.</p>
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<p>While you may not win Best Wiki with this styling, your team is still eligible for all other awards. This default wiki meets the requirements, it improves navigability and ease of use for visitors, and you should not feel it is necessary to style beyond what has been provided.</p>
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</div>
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<h4> Editing your wiki </h4>
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    <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<p>On this page you can document your project, introduce your team members, document your progress and share your iGEM experience with the rest of the world! </p>  
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    <link href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/blog.css" rel="stylesheet">
<p> <a href="https://2015.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Team:NEFU_China&action=edit"> Click here to edit this page! </a></p>
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<p>See tips on how to edit your wiki on the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/TemplatesforTeams_Code_Documentation">Template Documentation</a> page.</p>  
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 +
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    <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="../../assets/js/ie8-responsive-file-warning.js"></script><![endif]-->
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    <script src="./Blog Template for Bootstrap_files/ie-emulation-modes-warning.js"></script><style type="text/css"></style>
  
<h4>Templates </h4>
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    <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
<p> This year we have created templates for teams to use freely. More information on how to use and edit the templates can be found on the
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    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
<a href="https://2015.igem.org/TemplatesforTeams_Code_Documentation">Template Documentation </a> page.</p>  
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      <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
 +
      <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
 +
    <![endif]-->
 +
  <link href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:NEFU_China/cleariGEM?action=raw&ctype=text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> </head>
  
 +
  <body>
  
<h4>Tips</h4>
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    <div class="blog-masthead">
<p>This wiki will be your team’s first interaction with the rest of the world, so here are a few tips to help you get started: </p>
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      <div class="container">
<ul>
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        <nav class="blog-nav">
<li>State your accomplishments! Tell people what you have achieved from the start. </li>
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          <a class="blog-nav-item active" href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">Home</a>
<li>Be clear about what you are doing and how you plan to do this.</li>
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          <a class="blog-nav-item" href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">New features</a>
<li>You have a global audience! Consider the different backgrounds that your users come from.</li>
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          <a class="blog-nav-item" href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">Press</a>
<li>Make sure information is easy to find; nothing should be more than 3 clicks away. </li>
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          <a class="blog-nav-item" href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">New hires</a>
<li>Avoid using very small fonts and low contrast colors; information should be easy to read.  </li>
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          <a class="blog-nav-item" href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">About</a>
<li>Start documenting your project as early as possible; don’t leave anything to the last minute before the Wiki Freeze. For a complete list of deadlines visit the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Calendar_of_Events">iGEM 2015 calendar</a> </li>
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        </nav>
<li>Have lots of fun! </li>
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      </div>
</ul>  
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    </div>
  
 +
    <div class="container">
  
<h4>Inspiration</h4>
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      <div class="blog-header">
<p> You can also view other team wikis for inspiration! Here are some examples:</p>
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        <h1 class="blog-title">Flight iGEM</h1>
<ul>
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        <p class="lead blog-description">The official example template of creating an iGEM page with Fligh iGEM.</p>
<li> <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/"> 2014 SDU Denmark </a> </li>
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      </div>
<li> <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Aalto-Helsinki">2014 Aalto-Helsinki</a> </li>
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<li> <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:LMU-Munich">2014 LMU-Munich</a> </li>
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<li> <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Michigan"> 2014 Michigan</a></li>
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<li> <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:ITESM-Guadalajara">2014 ITESM-Guadalajara </a></li>
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<li> <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SCU-China"> 2014 SCU-China </a></li>
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</ul>
+
  
<h4> Uploading pictures and files </h4>
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      <div class="row">
<p> You can upload your pictures and files to the iGEM 2015 server. Remember to keep all your pictures and files within your team's namespace or at least include your team's name in the file name. <br />
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When you upload, set the "Destination Filename" to <code>Team:YourOfficialTeamName/NameOfFile.jpg</code>. (If you don't do this, someone else might upload a different file with the same "Destination Filename", and your file would be erased!)</p>
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Special:Upload">CLICK HERE TO UPLOAD FILES</a>
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        <div class="col-sm-8 blog-main">
 +
        <div class="blog-post">
 +
            <h2 class="blog-post-title"></h2>
 +
            <p class="blog-post-meta"> by <a href="#">Susu Chen</a></p>
 +
            <p style="text-align: center;">AI-2&nbsp;Quantification</p>
  
 +
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;E.coli&nbsp;and&nbsp;Bacillus&nbsp;sp.&nbsp;are&nbsp;the&nbsp;main&nbsp;pathogens&nbsp;in&nbsp;spoiled&nbsp;yogurt.&nbsp;Detection&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;pathogens&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;used&nbsp;to&nbsp;identify&nbsp;whether&nbsp;yogurt&nbsp;has&nbsp;got&nbsp;bacterial&nbsp;contamination.&nbsp;The&nbsp;traditional&nbsp;detecting&nbsp;methods&nbsp;contain&nbsp;some&nbsp;cumbersome&nbsp;steps,&nbsp;need&nbsp;some&nbsp;expensive&nbsp;reagents&nbsp;and&nbsp;still&nbsp;have&nbsp;high&nbsp;inaccuracy.&nbsp;We&nbsp;checking&nbsp;the&nbsp;references,&nbsp;we&nbsp;found&nbsp;that&nbsp;autoinducer&nbsp;2&nbsp;(AI-2),&nbsp;a&nbsp;signal&nbsp;molecule&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;quorum&nbsp;sensing&nbsp;system&nbsp;in&nbsp;bacteria,&nbsp;can&nbsp;also&nbsp;be&nbsp;used&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;signal&nbsp;detected&nbsp;by&nbsp;our&nbsp;engineered&nbsp;Lactobacillus.&nbsp;Thus,&nbsp;we&nbsp;wanted&nbsp;to&nbsp;measure&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;produced&nbsp;by&nbsp;pathogens&nbsp;in&nbsp;spoiled&nbsp;yogurt&nbsp;and&nbsp;then&nbsp;analyzed&nbsp;the&nbsp;relationship&nbsp;between&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;output&nbsp;and&nbsp;bacterial&nbsp;growth.&nbsp;</p>
  
 +
<p>The&nbsp;molecular&nbsp;structure&nbsp;of&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;is&nbsp;somewhat&nbsp;similar&nbsp;to&nbsp;ascorbic&nbsp;acid.&nbsp;It&nbsp;was&nbsp;expected&nbsp;that&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;would&nbsp;also&nbsp;act&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;reducing&nbsp;agent&nbsp;and&nbsp;reduce&nbsp;Fe(III)&nbsp;ions&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;presence&nbsp;of&nbsp;1,10-phenanthroline&nbsp;to&nbsp;form&nbsp;the&nbsp;orange-red&nbsp;colored&nbsp;[(o-phen)3&nbsp;Fe(II)]SO4&nbsp;ferroin&nbsp;complex&nbsp;that&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;quantified&nbsp;colorimetrically.</p>
  
</div></div> <!--These are the closing tags for div id="mainContainer" and div id="contentContainer". The corresponding opening tags appear in the template that is {{included}} at the top of this page.-->
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
  
</html>
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<p>Protocol:</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>1&nbsp;Inoculating</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>E.coli&nbsp;and&nbsp;Bacillus&nbsp;were&nbsp;inoculated&nbsp;into&nbsp;LB&nbsp;media&nbsp;(2%,&nbsp;v/v),&nbsp;respectively,&nbsp;and&nbsp;shaken&nbsp;overnight&nbsp;at&nbsp;37&deg;C.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>2&nbsp;Sampling</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>After&nbsp;incubation,&nbsp;the&nbsp;media&nbsp;were&nbsp;centrifuged&nbsp;at&nbsp;6000&nbsp;g&nbsp;for&nbsp;3&nbsp;min.&nbsp;the&nbsp;supernatant&nbsp;was&nbsp;collected&nbsp;and&nbsp;was&nbsp;filtered&nbsp;through&nbsp;a&nbsp;0.22&mu;m&nbsp;membrane</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>3&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;Quantification</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>(1)&nbsp;Preparing&nbsp;the&nbsp;working&nbsp;solution:&nbsp;A&nbsp;working&nbsp;solution&nbsp;of&nbsp;10&nbsp;mM&nbsp;1,&nbsp;10-phenanthroline/3.32&nbsp;mM&nbsp;Fe&nbsp;(III)&nbsp;was&nbsp;prepared&nbsp;by&nbsp;dissolving&nbsp;0.198&nbsp;g&nbsp;of&nbsp;1,10-phenanthroline&nbsp;in&nbsp;50&nbsp;ml&nbsp;of&nbsp;deionized&nbsp;distilled&nbsp;water.&nbsp;The&nbsp;solution&nbsp;was&nbsp;adjusted&nbsp;to&nbsp;pH&nbsp;2&nbsp;using&nbsp;1M&nbsp;HCl.&nbsp;Ferric&nbsp;ammonium&nbsp;sulphate&nbsp;(0.16g)&nbsp;was&nbsp;added&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;solution&nbsp;was&nbsp;brought&nbsp;to&nbsp;100&nbsp;ml&nbsp;using&nbsp;deionized&nbsp;distilled&nbsp;water.</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>(2)&nbsp;For&nbsp;the&nbsp;Fe&nbsp;(III)&nbsp;ion&nbsp;reduction&nbsp;test,&nbsp;1ml&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;cell&nbsp;free&nbsp;supernatant&nbsp;was&nbsp;mixed&nbsp;with&nbsp;1&nbsp;ml&nbsp;to&nbsp;develop&nbsp;the&nbsp;full&nbsp;color.&nbsp;The&nbsp;solution&nbsp;was&nbsp;then&nbsp;diluted&nbsp;to&nbsp;5ml&nbsp;and&nbsp;was&nbsp;filtered&nbsp;through&nbsp;a&nbsp;0.22&nbsp;&mu;m&nbsp;membrane,and&nbsp;scanned&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;absorption&nbsp;spectrum&nbsp;against&nbsp;a&nbsp;blank&nbsp;solution&nbsp;within&nbsp;3&nbsp;min&nbsp;using&nbsp;a&nbsp;Lambda&nbsp;25&nbsp;UV/VIS&nbsp;spectrometer.&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>Results</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>E.coli&nbsp;and&nbsp;Bacillus&nbsp;sp.&nbsp;are&nbsp;the&nbsp;representative&nbsp;strains&nbsp;of&nbsp;Gram-negative&nbsp;and&nbsp;Gram-positive&nbsp;bacteria.&nbsp;We&nbsp;verified&nbsp;that&nbsp;both&nbsp;of&nbsp;them&nbsp;can&nbsp;produce&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;during&nbsp;their&nbsp;growth&nbsp;process.&nbsp;Additionally,&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;production&nbsp;by&nbsp;both&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;two&nbsp;strains&nbsp;is&nbsp;significantly&nbsp;positive&nbsp;correlated&nbsp;with&nbsp;bacterial&nbsp;growth&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;first&nbsp;two&nbsp;hours.&nbsp;All&nbsp;the&nbsp;results&nbsp;showed&nbsp;that&nbsp;AI-2&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;produced&nbsp;by&nbsp;both&nbsp;Gram-negative&nbsp;and&nbsp;Gram-positive&nbsp;strains.&nbsp;Thus,&nbsp;our&nbsp;bio-detecting&nbsp;system&nbsp;might&nbsp;not&nbsp;only&nbsp;be&nbsp;used&nbsp;in&nbsp;Gram-negative&nbsp;bacteria&nbsp;detection,&nbsp;but&nbsp;also&nbsp;Gram-positive&nbsp;bacteria&nbsp;detection.</p>
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 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
 +
 
 +
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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            <ul class="pager">
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              <li><a href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">Previous</a></li>
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        <div class="col-sm-3 col-sm-offset-1 blog-sidebar">
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          <div class="sidebar-module sidebar-module-inset">
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            <h4>About</h4>
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            <p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
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            <h4>Archives</h4>
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            <ol class="list-unstyled">
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              <li><a href="http://getbootstrap.com/examples/blog/#">Project</a></li>
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            <h4>Elsewhere</h4>
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      <p>Blog template built for <a href="http://getbootstrap.com/"></a> by <a href="#">Flight iGEM</a>.</p>
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Revision as of 13:09, 13 September 2015

Blog Template for Flight iGEM

Flight iGEM

The official example template of creating an iGEM page with Fligh iGEM.

AI-2 Quantification

    E.coli and Bacillus sp. are the main pathogens in spoiled yogurt. Detection of these pathogens can be used to identify whether yogurt has got bacterial contamination. The traditional detecting methods contain some cumbersome steps, need some expensive reagents and still have high inaccuracy. We checking the references, we found that autoinducer 2 (AI-2), a signal molecule in the quorum sensing system in bacteria, can also be used as a signal detected by our engineered Lactobacillus. Thus, we wanted to measure AI-2 produced by pathogens in spoiled yogurt and then analyzed the relationship between AI-2 output and bacterial growth. 

The molecular structure of AI-2 is somewhat similar to ascorbic acid. It was expected that AI-2 would also act as a reducing agent and reduce Fe(III) ions in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline to form the orange-red colored [(o-phen)3 Fe(II)]SO4 ferroin complex that could be quantified colorimetrically.

 

Protocol:

1 Inoculating

E.coli and Bacillus were inoculated into LB media (2%, v/v), respectively, and shaken overnight at 37°C.

2 Sampling

After incubation, the media were centrifuged at 6000 g for 3 min. the supernatant was collected and was filtered through a 0.22μm membrane

3 AI-2 Quantification

(1) Preparing the working solution: A working solution of 10 mM 1, 10-phenanthroline/3.32 mM Fe (III) was prepared by dissolving 0.198 g of 1,10-phenanthroline in 50 ml of deionized distilled water. The solution was adjusted to pH 2 using 1M HCl. Ferric ammonium sulphate (0.16g) was added and the solution was brought to 100 ml using deionized distilled water.

(2) For the Fe (III) ion reduction test, 1ml of the cell free supernatant was mixed with 1 ml to develop the full color. The solution was then diluted to 5ml and was filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane,and scanned for the absorption spectrum against a blank solution within 3 min using a Lambda 25 UV/VIS spectrometer. 

Results

 

 

E.coli and Bacillus sp. are the representative strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. We verified that both of them can produce AI-2 during their growth process. Additionally, AI-2 production by both of the two strains is significantly positive correlated with bacterial growth in the first two hours. All the results showed that AI-2 could be produced by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains. Thus, our bio-detecting system might not only be used in Gram-negative bacteria detection, but also Gram-positive bacteria detection.