Introduction

1. Why do we detect Aflatoxin?

   Gutter oil contains aflatoxin which is very toxic and will accumulate in people’s liver and kidney.

   In Taiwan, there are many people who are the asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B, therefore if they be poisoned oil again, it will be easier for them to get liver disease or resulting in kidney dialysis.

   In our experiment, we try to detect Afb1 because it is the most toxic of aflatoxin. Our experiment was to find out more convenient detection method, so that everyone can easily detect their own oil if it is safe to eat.

2. Taiwanese regulations

   ▼Table1: The regulation of Aflatoxin in Taiwan..

   
3. National regulations
   1. groundnuts, nuts, dried fruit and processed products of such products or food additives: B1 aflatoxin not exceed 2ug / kg (ppb), and B1, B2, G1, G2 sum not exceeding 4ug / kg.
   2. for the storage or not for direct human consumption's peanuts: B1 aflatoxin 8ug / kg, and B1, B2, G1, G2 sum shall not exceed 15ug / kg.
   3. for the storage or not for direct human consumption's nuts and dried fruits: B1 aflatoxin 5ug / kg, and B1, B2, G1, G2 sum shall not exceed 10ug / kg.
   4. Grains class for the direct human consumption: B1 aflatoxin 2ug / kg, or B1, B2, G1, G2 sum not exceeding 4ug / kg.
   5. Dairy: M1 aflatoxin not exceed 0.05 ug / kg.[4]

Circuit Design

▲Fig.1-1: Circuit design of detecting Lead ion.

When aflatoxin goes into the cell, CYP1A2 will oxidize the Aflatoxin B1, and then it will turn into Aflatoxin oxidation AFBO[5].

▲Fig.1-2: Circuit design of detecting Lead ion.

Single-strand DNA(ssDNA) can activate protein RecA. Ecoli has a sos response system, and there is a repressor LexA which inhibits the next reaction, so the fluorescent gene won’t express.But when the activated protein RecA comes and hydrolysis the represser LexA, the next reaction can work.[7]

The Relationship between Cytochrome CYP3A4 in Vivo and the Toxicity of Aflatoxin B1 in Feedstuffs
ZHENG Lili1, ZHU Yujing1, SHAO Caimei2, ZHANG Yong1

Reference

• [1]Veronica S. Mary a, Ana Valdehita b, Jose M. Navas b, Hector R. Rubinstein a, Maria L. Fernandez-Cruz. Effects of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and their mixture on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and cytochrome P450 1A induction
• [2]Yan-Ping Du Hui-Lian Zhu. The possible mechanism of Aflatoxin B1 Hepatocarcinogenesis and preventive effects of phytochemicals
• [3]Food hygiene standards - Food in aflatoxin limits (human) 82 1.4.4 Health Department Announcement fresh word No. 8189322
• [4]EU animal and plant inspection and quarantine of food hygiene regulations cum Profile
• [5]Veronica S. Mary a, Ana Valdehita b, Jose M. Navas b, Hector R. Rubinstein a,*Maria L. Fernandez-Cruz b. Effects of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and their mixture on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and cytochrome P450 1A induction
• [6]ZHENG Lili, ZHU Yujing, SHAO Caimei, ZHANG Yong The Relationship between Cytochrome CYP3A4 in Vivo and the Toxicity of Aflatoxin B1 in Feedstuffs
• [7]Nejc Paulič2,†,Adrijana Leonardi1, Vesna Hodnik2,Gregor Anderluh2,3, Zdravko Podlesek2, Darja Žgur-Bertok2,Igor Križaj1,4,5 Matej Butala2. Structural insight into LexA–RecA* interaction Lidija Kovačič1