Difference between revisions of "Team:CityU HK/Description"

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<title>Description - City University of Hong Kong 2015</title>
  
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<h2> Project Description </h2>
 
  
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<p>Tell us about your project, describe what moves you and why this is something important for your team.</p>
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<li> A clear and concise description of your project.</li>
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<li>A detailed explanation of why your team chose to work on this particular project.</li>
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<h4>Advice on writing your Project Description</h4>
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<script><!--
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We encourage you to put up a lot of information and content on your wiki, but we also encourage you to include summaries as much as possible. If you think of the sections in your project description as the sections in a publication, you should try to be consist, accurate and unambiguous in your achievements.  
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Judges like to read your wiki and know exactly what you have achieved. This is how you should think about these sections; from the point of view of the judge evaluating you at the end of the year.
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<span id="wsite-title">City University of Hong Kong 2015</span>
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</a>
  
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</span></td>
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<h4>References</h4>
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<td id="header-right">
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<p>iGEM teams are encouraged to record references you use during the course of your research. They should be posted somewhere on your wiki so that judges and other visitors can see how you though about your project and what works inspired you.</p>
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<div style="height:0px;overflow:hidden"></div></div></td>
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Home
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Team
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Project
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Description
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Parts" class="wsite-menu-subitem">
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<span class="wsite-menu-title">
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Parts
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</a>
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</li>
  
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</div>
  
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<li id="wsite-nav-390930554829520753" class="wsite-menu-subitem-wrap">
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Experiments" class="wsite-menu-subitem">
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<span class="wsite-menu-title">
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Experiments
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<ul class="wsite-menu">
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Notebook" class="wsite-menu-subitem">
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<span class="wsite-menu-title">
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Notebook
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</a>
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</li>
  
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<h4>Inspiration</h4>
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</ul>
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<p>See how other teams have described and presented their projects: </p>
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</div>
  
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<ul>
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</li>
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Project"> Imperial</a></li>
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<li id="wsite-nav-106562558952375131" class="wsite-menu-subitem-wrap">
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:UC_Davis/Project_Overview"> UC Davis</a></li>
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Results" class="wsite-menu-subitem">
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<li><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SYSU-Software/Overview">SYSU Software</a></li>
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<span class="wsite-menu-title">
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</ul>
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Results
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li id="wsite-nav-245019235359880140" class="wsite-menu-subitem-wrap">
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Modeling" class="wsite-menu-subitem">
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<span class="wsite-menu-title">
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Modeling
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
  
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</ul>
 
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<li id="pg927831948212116307" class="wsite-menu-item-wrap">
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Attributions" data-membership-required="0" class="wsite-menu-item">
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Attributions
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</a>
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</li>
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<li id="pg253696043122224864" class="wsite-menu-item-wrap">
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Collaborations" data-membership-required="0" class="wsite-menu-item">
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Collaborations
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</a>
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</li>
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<li id="pg939581576302822962" class="wsite-menu-item-wrap">
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Practices" data-membership-required="0" class="wsite-menu-item">
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Practices
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</li>
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<a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:CityU_HK/Safety" data-membership-required="0" class="wsite-menu-item">
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Safety
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</li>
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<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;"><font size="6">Overview</font></h2>
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<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;">What is lactose intolerance&nbsp;<span style="line-height: 1.2; background-color: initial;">and&nbsp;</span><br /><span style="line-height: 1.2; background-color: initial;">Why we would like to tackle it</span></h2>
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<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:left;">For most people, indulging in sweet food like ice-cream, cheesecake and chocolate is as natural as breathing. However, the same kind of food could remind some people of the discomfort and annoyance brought on by lactose intolerance. Should they avoid all these delicacies altogether or resort to taking lactase pills every time after eating food containing lactose? Here, we offer you a new choice. &nbsp;<br /></div>
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<div><div style="height: 10px; overflow: hidden; width: 90%;"></div>
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<hr class="styled-hr" style="width:90%;"></hr>
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<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:left;">Lactose intolerance is a gastrointestinal problem signified by symptoms such as bloating, stomach cramps, diarrhea and nausea after consuming milk or dairy products. Normally, lactase in the small intestine will break down lactose into glucose and galactose for absorption. For people with lactose intolerance, their body produces little or no lactase. Undigested lactose will therefore enter the colon where bacteria may ferment the lactose to produce lactic acid and gases as by-products. These by-products are the culprits of the symptoms.<br /></div>
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<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:left;">There is evidence suggesting that dairy consumption is associated with lower risk of hypertension and higher rate of bone mineralization. To help people with lactose intolerance to enjoy the diverse health benefits from dairy consumption, &nbsp;our iGEM Team (CityU_HK) has set a goal to tackle this problem.&nbsp;<br /></div>
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<h2 class="wsite-content-title" style="text-align:left;">How we are going to tackle it</h2>
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<div class="paragraph" style="text-align:left;"><span style="">We aim to design and construct a probiotic <em style="">E. coli</em> strain that (1) produces high level of the beta-galactosidase enzyme (a type of lactase) constitutively, and (2) autolyses to release the beta-galactosidase enzyme upon detecting lactose in the external environment. For process (1), we will construct a <em style="">lacZ</em> (beta-galactosidase) &nbsp;-<em style="">lacY</em> (lactose permease) biobrick that is driven by a strong constitutive promoter &nbsp;to enable high &nbsp;expression of the beta-galactosidase enzyme. For process (2), we will construct a lysis cassette&nbsp; consisting of the S (holin)-R (endolysin) -Rz (spannin) genes driven by a <em style="">lac</em>I promoter&nbsp; to facilitate lactose-induced cell lysis.</span><br /><br /><span style="">To optimize the efficiency of <em style="">E. coli</em> cell lysis, we will carry out the following modifications to certain genes in the lysis cassette:</span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1. Genes in the lysis cassette &nbsp;will be codon optimized for optimal expression in <em style="">E. coli;</em></span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2. The anti-holin component will be deleted to speed up cell lysis;</span><br /><span style=""></span><span style="">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3. Specific mutations will be introduced into the lysis gene cassette to facilitate shorter lysis time.</span><br /><span style=""></span><br />In this project, we will also prepare and compare the lysis efficiency of two different lysis cassettes &ndash; (1) Cassette 1 will be constructed using the S&lambda;&nbsp;, R&lambda;&nbsp;&nbsp;and Rz&lambda;&nbsp;&nbsp;genes derived from <em style="">E. coli </em>lambda phage, and (2) Cassette 2 will be constructed using the S<font size="1">21</font>, R21 and Rz21 genes derived from <em style="">E. coli </em>phage 21.<br /></div>
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Revision as of 15:35, 14 July 2015

Description - City University of Hong Kong 2015

Overview

What is lactose intolerance and 
Why we would like to tackle it
For most people, indulging in sweet food like ice-cream, cheesecake and chocolate is as natural as breathing. However, the same kind of food could remind some people of the discomfort and annoyance brought on by lactose intolerance. Should they avoid all these delicacies altogether or resort to taking lactase pills every time after eating food containing lactose? Here, we offer you a new choice.  
Lactose intolerance is a gastrointestinal problem signified by symptoms such as bloating, stomach cramps, diarrhea and nausea after consuming milk or dairy products. Normally, lactase in the small intestine will break down lactose into glucose and galactose for absorption. For people with lactose intolerance, their body produces little or no lactase. Undigested lactose will therefore enter the colon where bacteria may ferment the lactose to produce lactic acid and gases as by-products. These by-products are the culprits of the symptoms.
There is evidence suggesting that dairy consumption is associated with lower risk of hypertension and higher rate of bone mineralization. To help people with lactose intolerance to enjoy the diverse health benefits from dairy consumption,  our iGEM Team (CityU_HK) has set a goal to tackle this problem. 

How we are going to tackle it
We aim to design and construct a probiotic E. coli strain that (1) produces high level of the beta-galactosidase enzyme (a type of lactase) constitutively, and (2) autolyses to release the beta-galactosidase enzyme upon detecting lactose in the external environment. For process (1), we will construct a lacZ (beta-galactosidase)  -lacY (lactose permease) biobrick that is driven by a strong constitutive promoter  to enable high  expression of the beta-galactosidase enzyme. For process (2), we will construct a lysis cassette  consisting of the S (holin)-R (endolysin) -Rz (spannin) genes driven by a lacI promoter  to facilitate lactose-induced cell lysis.

To optimize the efficiency of E. coli cell lysis, we will carry out the following modifications to certain genes in the lysis cassette:
     1. Genes in the lysis cassette  will be codon optimized for optimal expression in E. coli;
     2. The anti-holin component will be deleted to speed up cell lysis;
     3. Specific mutations will be introduced into the lysis gene cassette to facilitate shorter lysis time.

In this project, we will also prepare and compare the lysis efficiency of two different lysis cassettes – (1) Cassette 1 will be constructed using the Sλ , Rλ  and Rzλ  genes derived from E. coli lambda phage, and (2) Cassette 2 will be constructed using the S21, R21 and Rz21 genes derived from E. coli phage 21.