Difference between revisions of "Team:Bordeaux/Practices"
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<li> The production of <b>minimal genomes</b> and <b>simplified organisms</b> where new functions can be added to realize a task. This approach is often used for the optimization of existing processes. </li> | <li> The production of <b>minimal genomes</b> and <b>simplified organisms</b> where new functions can be added to realize a task. This approach is often used for the optimization of existing processes. </li> | ||
<li> The synthesis of a <b>whole synthetic genome</b> that will be inserted in existing cell hosts or in synthetic cells. This field of synthetic biology may help scientists to understand how living organisms are created. </li> | <li> The synthesis of a <b>whole synthetic genome</b> that will be inserted in existing cell hosts or in synthetic cells. This field of synthetic biology may help scientists to understand how living organisms are created. </li> | ||
− | </ul> </p> | + | </ul></p> |
<p align="justify">The organisms which come from these approaches can be used in both <b>industrial applications</b> (for example to produce drugs, biofuels, biomass or biopesticides) and in <b>basic research</b> as tools like biosensors (<a href"https://2009.igem.org/Team:Cambridge"target="_blank"><b>E. chromi</b></a> - Team Cambridge (2009)) or against pollution (<a href"https://2013.igem.org/Team:TU-Munic"target="_blank"><b>Physco Filter</b></a> - Team TU-Munich (2013)). | <p align="justify">The organisms which come from these approaches can be used in both <b>industrial applications</b> (for example to produce drugs, biofuels, biomass or biopesticides) and in <b>basic research</b> as tools like biosensors (<a href"https://2009.igem.org/Team:Cambridge"target="_blank"><b>E. chromi</b></a> - Team Cambridge (2009)) or against pollution (<a href"https://2013.igem.org/Team:TU-Munic"target="_blank"><b>Physco Filter</b></a> - Team TU-Munich (2013)). | ||
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<p align="justify">The advances in biotechnology techniques also lead to dangerous possible applications causing a general <b>fear of modified organisms</b> by the public. They may be afraid of the organisms that can be created by synthetic biology, afraid that these organisms will somehow <b>grow out of our control</b> or have unexpected properties and will <b>become dangerous for humanity</b>. Our iGEM team observed this while talking to the general public on the streets of Bordeaux. For more information, look at our section Cap Sciences on this page. | <p align="justify">The advances in biotechnology techniques also lead to dangerous possible applications causing a general <b>fear of modified organisms</b> by the public. They may be afraid of the organisms that can be created by synthetic biology, afraid that these organisms will somehow <b>grow out of our control</b> or have unexpected properties and will <b>become dangerous for humanity</b>. Our iGEM team observed this while talking to the general public on the streets of Bordeaux. For more information, look at our section Cap Sciences on this page. | ||
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<br>In order to limit this fear, the <b>question of transparency</b> is important for scientists. Besides publishing his results, the researcher has to be able to <b>explain his research process</b> and the <b>challenges of the project</b> by stating the explored and the ignored areas. The general audience has to be able to understand his whole scientific approach. The results found, thanks to this approach, contribute to the <b>production of new knowledge and innovation</b> that could be shared to the general public. It is also important for the researcher to analyze his results, looking at the <b>possible negative impacts</b> of his research and estimating the <b>safety and environmental risks</b> and as well the ethical problematic. However, the researcher cannot be the only one in charge of the safety and ethics of his research.</p> | <br>In order to limit this fear, the <b>question of transparency</b> is important for scientists. Besides publishing his results, the researcher has to be able to <b>explain his research process</b> and the <b>challenges of the project</b> by stating the explored and the ignored areas. The general audience has to be able to understand his whole scientific approach. The results found, thanks to this approach, contribute to the <b>production of new knowledge and innovation</b> that could be shared to the general public. It is also important for the researcher to analyze his results, looking at the <b>possible negative impacts</b> of his research and estimating the <b>safety and environmental risks</b> and as well the ethical problematic. However, the researcher cannot be the only one in charge of the safety and ethics of his research.</p> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
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<h5 align="center" >The synthetic biology legal framework in Europe</h5> | <h5 align="center" >The synthetic biology legal framework in Europe</h5> | ||
− | <p align="justify">Creating guidelines and a legal framework is essential for safety reasons and to reassure the general public. In Europe, there is no law specifically concerning synthetic biology but synthetic biology is framed by common biology laws | + | <p align="justify">Creating <b>guidelines</b> and a <b>legal framework</b> is essential for safety reasons and to reassure the general public. In Europe, there is no law specifically concerning synthetic biology but synthetic biology is framed by <b>common biology laws</b>. For example, in France [2], these laws has been written since 1994 and focused only on ethics aspects of human research. Also, <b>ethic committees</b> set up by the European Unionand ethic committees set up by the European Union. |
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<br>Among these committees we can state: | <br>Among these committees we can state: | ||
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<li> The Executive Management for Research and Innovation </li> | <li> The Executive Management for Research and Innovation </li> | ||
</ul> </p> | </ul> </p> | ||
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<p align="justify">Specifically for synthetic biology, a European project called SYNBIOSAFE approved by the European Commission has focused on ethics and safety of synthetic biology. In 2012, it published an <a href="http://www.biofaction.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/igem-biosafety-2013.pdf" target="_blank">article</a> concerning the bioethical and biosafety attentions in iGEM competitions.These two types of types of frameworks help the researcher to answer to many ethical questions arose on synthetic biology in the clearest way possible. | <p align="justify">Specifically for synthetic biology, a European project called SYNBIOSAFE approved by the European Commission has focused on ethics and safety of synthetic biology. In 2012, it published an <a href="http://www.biofaction.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/igem-biosafety-2013.pdf" target="_blank">article</a> concerning the bioethical and biosafety attentions in iGEM competitions.These two types of types of frameworks help the researcher to answer to many ethical questions arose on synthetic biology in the clearest way possible. |
Revision as of 13:25, 11 August 2015