What we choose as raw material in water industry is as important as in food industry. The basic cost, design, engineering, equipment procurement, and construction spending on intakes and outfalls, are estimated to total 5 to7 percent of capital costs for desalination plants (GWI, 2006a). The choice of source water is the key affects all the elements & all the costs of intake.
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There’re six kinds of source water as figure 6.2.1. In last chapter, we identify their different TDS range. The water has 500~15000mg/L is called brackish water and most of them are groundwater (GWI, 2006b). As Figure 6.2.1, every country‘s desalination industry has different major water source depending on their unique geological features. For example, most of Spain’s territory is close to the sea. Therefore, most of its source water is seawater. The desalination process usually focuses on either seawater or brackish water. In normal circumstance, what feed water the area use depends on which water is easier to get.
What we choose as raw material in water industry is as important as in food industry. The basic cost, design, engineering, equipment procurement, and construction spending on intakes and outfalls, are estimated to total 5 to7 percent of capital costs for desalination plants (GWI, 2006a). The choice of source water is the key affects all the elements & all the costs of intake.
Figure 6.2.1 Percentage of total capacity of desalination source water in Spain and US.
Spain’s data (Left) comes from (Lei et al., 2015). US’s data (Right) comes from (GWI, 2006b). Original data comes from Global Water Intelligence.
There’re six kinds of source water as figure 6.2.1. In last chapter, we identify their different TDS range. The water has 500~15000mg/L is called brackish water and most of them are groundwater (GWI, 2006b). As Figure 6.2.1, every country‘s desalination industry has different major water source depending on their unique geological features. For example, most of Spain’s territory is close to the sea. Therefore, most of its source water is seawater. The desalination process usually focuses on either seawater or brackish water. In normal circumstance, what feed water the area use depends on which water is easier to get.
