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| − | <p>We, the UNITN iGEM Team want to follow high standards of safe and responsible biological engineering. Before entering the lab we attended mandatory on-line courses regarding lab safety with final tests. In particular we focused on the following topics:</p> | + | <p>We, the UNITN iGEM Team want to <span class="i_enph">follow high standards of safe and responsible biological engineering</span>. Before entering the lab we attended mandatory on-line courses regarding lab safety with final tests. In particular we focused on the following topics:</p> |
| | <ul class="customlist checklist"> | | <ul class="customlist checklist"> |
| | <li>General considerations on risks and prevention</li> | | <li>General considerations on risks and prevention</li> |
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| | <p class="question wow fadeInDown" style="visibility:hidden; -moz-animation-delay: 0.5s; -webkit-animation-delay: 0.5s; animation-delay: 0.5s;">Who will use your product?</p> | | <p class="question wow fadeInDown" style="visibility:hidden; -moz-animation-delay: 0.5s; -webkit-animation-delay: 0.5s; animation-delay: 0.5s;">Who will use your product?</p> |
| | </header> | | </header> |
| − | <p style="margin-top:1em">Our solar microbial fuel cell is designed to be used by the public. We envision that our Solar pMFC will be implemented to allow people with no specific skills to operate it.</p> | + | <p style="margin-top:1em">Our solar microbial fuel cell is designed to be <span class="i_enph">used by the public</span>. We envision that our Solar pMFC will be implemented to allow people with <span class="i_enph">no specific skills to operate it</span>.</p> |
| | </section> | | </section> |
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| | <p class="question wow fadeInDown" style="visibility:hidden; -moz-animation-delay: 0.5s; -webkit-animation-delay: 0.5s; animation-delay: 0.5s;">Where will your product be used?</p> | | <p class="question wow fadeInDown" style="visibility:hidden; -moz-animation-delay: 0.5s; -webkit-animation-delay: 0.5s; animation-delay: 0.5s;">Where will your product be used?</p> |
| | </header> | | </header> |
| − | <p style="margin-top:1em">Our idea is to have a device that can be installed in your house and mimics a photovoltaic system. What is needed is just a good exposition to light, e.g. placing it on top of a roof.</p> | + | <p style="margin-top:1em">Our idea is to have a device that can be installed <span class="i_enph">in your house</span> and mimics a photovoltaic system. What is needed is just a good exposition to light, e.g. placing it on top of a roof.</p> |
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| − | <p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0.5em;">Our MFC requires a growth media, our engineered bacteria and sun light. In the laboratory we tested the system with <span class="i_enph">LB</span> or <span class="i_enph">M9</span>, however we envision that our system will be redesigned so that the bacteria can use organic waste from the house (i.e. kitchen waste containing sugars or other C sources). To minimize the amount of contaminated media we were thinking to implement the <span class="i_enph italic">Solar pMFC</span> with a circulating system equipped with a filter that allows to remove the bacteria from the media, while accumulating the bacteria in the filter. In this way the decontaminated media could be disposed directly in the plumbing of the house.</p>
| + | <a class="fancybox wow zoomIn" rel="group" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e7/Unitn_pics_safety_0.jpg" style="margin-top:0; display:block; height:320px; background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e7/Unitn_pics_safety_0.jpg'); background-size:cover; background-position-y: 62%;"></a> |
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| − | <a class="fancybox" rel="group" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e7/Unitn_pics_safety_0.jpg" style="margin-top:0; display:block; height:320px; background-image:url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/e7/Unitn_pics_safety_0.jpg'); background-size:cover; backgroud-position:top center;"></a> | + | |
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| − | <p>The exhausted bacteria accumulated in the filter could be routinely removed and discarded properly (not in the environment). Fresh bacteria could be added placing a new batch of bacteria in the system. We imagine a capsule, similar to espresso-capsule, that could be placed easily in the system when necessary. The life-span of the bacteria today it is a limit, although our Proteorhodopsin expressing bacteria should live significant longer, thus reducing the need of replacing them often.</p> | + | <p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0.5em;">Our MFC requires a growth media, our engineered bacteria and sunlight. In the laboratory we tested the system with <span class="i_enph">LB</span> or <span class="i_enph">M9</span>, however we envision that our system will be optimized so that the bacteria can <span class="i_enph">use organic waste from the house</span> (i.e. kitchen waste containing sugars or other carbon sources). To minimize the amount of contaminated media we were thinking to implement the <span class="i_enph italic">Solar pMFC</span> with a circulating system equipped with a filter that allows to remove the bacteria from the media, while accumulating the bacteria in the filter. In this way the <span class="i_enph">decontaminated media could be disposed directly in the plumbing system of the house</span>.</p> |
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| | + | <p>The exhausted bacteria accumulated in the filter could be routinely removed and discarded properly (not in the environment). Fresh bacteria could be added placing a new batch of bacteria in the system. We imagine a capsule, similar to espresso-capsule, that could be placed easily in the system when necessary. The life-span of the bacteria today it is a limit, although our Proteorhodopsin expressing bacteria should live significant longer, thus reducing the need of replacing them often.</p> |
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| | <p style="margin-top:1em">Our Solar pMFC is better than existing technologies because:</p> | | <p style="margin-top:1em">Our Solar pMFC is better than existing technologies because:</p> |
| | <ul class="customlist arrowed" style="margin-top:0; margin-left:2em;"> | | <ul class="customlist arrowed" style="margin-top:0; margin-left:2em;"> |
| − | <li>we know exactly the bacteria that are inside and generate electricity, thus reducing the biological hazard. We believe that using well characterized and controlled (i.e inducible) bacteria provides a better-working and safer device. This is an advantage respect to other MFCs.</li> | + | <li>We know exactly the bacteria that are inside and generate electricity, thus reducing the biological hazard. We believe that using <span class="i_enph">well characterized and controlled</span> (i.e inducible) <span class="i_enph">bacteria provides a better-working and safer device</span>. This is an advantage respect to other MFCs.</li> |
| − | <li>it uses sun light to be powered, thus reducing the consumption of electricity to operate it</li> | + | <li>It uses sun light to be powered, thus <span class="i_enph">reducing the consumption of electricity</span> to operate it.</li> |
| − | <li>Thank to our circulating/filter system to decontaminate the media, we will reduce the amount of dirty waste to be disposed, thus making it better and safer for the environment</li> | + | <li>Thank to our circulating/filter system to decontaminate the media, we will <span class="i_enph">reduce the amount of dirty waste</span> to be disposed, thus making it better and safer for the environment.</li> |
| − | <li>It is better than photovoltaic systems on the market that are based on silicon. Silicon it is not a problem itself, however the production of silicon photovoltaic systems requires toxic chemicals (silicon tetrachloride, Sulphur Hexafluoride, heavy metals such cadmium and lead). Also, the disposal of large amount of silicon panels will become a problem one day for the environment</li> | + | <li>It is better than photovoltaic systems on the market that are based on silicon. Silicon it is not a problem itself, however the production of <span class="i_enph">silicon photovoltaic systems requires toxic chemicals</span> (silicon tetrachloride, Sulphur Hexafluoride, heavy metals such cadmium and lead). Also, the disposal of large amount of silicon panels will become a problem one day for the environment.</li> |
| − | <li>Our pMFC will be cheap and thus be competitive on the market. The production cost of one solar pMFC to be used in the laboratory is around <span class="i_enph great-quantity">250 <span>$</span></span>. This cost covers the expenses of the material | + | <li>Our pMFC will be <span class="i_enph">cheap</span> and thus be competitive on the market. The production cost of one solar pMFC to be used in the laboratory is around <span class="i_enph great-quantity">250 <span>$</span></span>. This cost covers the expenses of the material |
| − | and the work to build a cell containing 1.7 L of media. This cost should be decreased at least by half if the MFC is built industrially. Alternatively in a no distant future we will be able to print MFCs at home with a 3D printer.<br />We estimated that today the cost of operation for 48 hours is:<br /> | + | and the work to build a cell containing 1.5 L of media. <span class="i_enph">This cost should be decreased at least by half</span> if the MFC is built industrially. Alternatively in a no distant future we will be able to print MFCs at home with a 3D printer.<br />We estimated that today the cost of operation for 48 hours is:<br /> |
| − | <span class="i_enph great-quantity">17.00 <span>$</span></span> of media. This cost should become zero if our bacterial strain become able to use alternative C sources, i.e. kitchen waste.<br /> | + | <span class="i_enph great-quantity">15.00 <span>$</span></span> of media. <span class="i_enph italic">This cost should become zero</span> if our bacterial strain become able to use alternative carbon sources, i.e. kitchen waste.<br /> |
| − | <span class="i_enph great-quantity">0.10 <span>$</span></span> x for arabinose.<br /> | + | <span class="i_enph great-quantity">0.02 <span>$</span></span> for arabinose.<br /> |
| − | <span class="i_enph great-quantity">0.00 <span>$</span></span> for sunlighta<br /> | + | <span class="i_enph great-quantity">0.00 <span>$</span></span> for sunlight<br /> |
| − | Therefore the operating cost should become close to zero. | + | Therefore <span class="i_enph italic">the operating cost should become close to zero</span>. |
| | </li> | | </li> |
| | </ul> | | </ul> |
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| − | <div class="image_nocaption" style="width:300px;"> | + | <div class="row"> |
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/be/Unitn_pics_safety_1.jpg" style="width:100%;"></ img> | + | <div class="4u 12u(narrower) centered"> |
| | + | <a class="fancybox" rel="group" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/be/Unitn_pics_safety_1.jpg"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/b/be/Unitn_pics_safety_1.jpg " alt="" style="width:100% ; max-width:500px;" /></ a> |
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| | + | <p>All the parts we used throughout the project are <span class="i_enph">NOT toxic or dangerous for humans</span> or the environment. We neither worked with proteins toxic themselves, nor we used enzymes that synthesize toxic molecules. In addition to basic parts from the registry (i.e. RBS, promoters, β-carotene, etc), we also used two genes from the SAR86 uncultured bacteria. These genes are proteorhodopsin, which was extracted from the Registry (BBa_K773002) and blh (15,15’-β-carotene dioxygenase), which was synthesized by Genescript. There is no associated risk level with the uncultured bacteria SAR86, however we are using only DNA sequences that encodes for genes, which carry distinct functions that are no harmful to humans, or the environment. We have clarified this issue with iGEM Safety Office.</p> |
| | + | </div></div> |
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| | + | <p>We did <span class="i_enph">NOT use any virulence factors</span> in our organisms.<br /> |
| | + | The parts we used are to be considered safe as single parts and also as combined. Environmental dispersion of those parts would <span class="i_enph">NOT represent a biological hazard or danger</span>.</p> |
| | </div> | | </div> |
| − | <p >All the parts we used throughout the project are NOT toxic or dangerous for humans or the environment. We neither worked with proteins toxic themselves, nor we used enzymes that synthesize toxic molecules. In addition to basic parts from the registry (i.e. RBS, promoters, β-carotene, etc), we also used two genes from the SAR86 uncultured bacteria. These genes are proteorhodopsin, which was extracted from the Registry (BBa_K773002) and blh (15,15’-β-carotene dioxygenase), which was synthesized by Genescript. There is no associated risk level with the uncultured bacteria SAR86, however we are using only DNA sequences that encodes for genes, which carry distinct functions that are no harmful to humans, or the environment. We have clarified this issue with iGEM Safety Office.</p>
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| − | <p>We did <span class="i_enph">not</span> use any virulence factors in our organisms.</p>
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| − | <p>The parts we used are to be considered safe as single parts and also as combined. Environmental dispersion of those parts would not represent a biological hazard or danger.</p>
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| | <div class="8u 12u(narrower)"> | | <div class="8u 12u(narrower)"> |
| − | <p>Last but non least we adopted the appropriate PPE during the lab work. We always used lab coats, nitrile gloves and goggles. We safely operated with biological material under the laminar flow cabinet BioAir SAFEMATE Series Class II 1.8.</p> | + | <p>Last but non least we adopted the <span class="i_enph">appropriate PPE during the lab work</span>. We always used lab coats, nitrile gloves and goggles. We safely operated with biological material under the laminar flow cabinet <b>BioAir SAFEMATE Series Class II 1.8</b>.</p> |
| − | <p>We used chemicals that are associated with hazard (ethidium bromide, azide, organic solvents) under the chemical hood Fume Hood MOD. ASEM® 120EN New - Class 0.</p> | + | <p>We used chemicals that are associated with hazard (ethidium bromide, azide, organic solvents) under the chemical hood <b>Fume Hood MOD. ASEM 120EN New - Class 0</b>.</p> |
| − | <p>We carefully revised all the Material Safety Datasheet of each compound that was used prior to start an experiment.</p> | + | <p>We carefully revised all the <b>Material Safety Datasheet</b> of each compound that was used prior to start an experiment.</p> |
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| − | <script>new WOW().init(); $(".fancybox").fancybox({ });</script> | + | <script>new WOW().init(); </script> |
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