Difference between revisions of "Team:British Columbia/Screening"

Imidacloprid (IMI)-transforming bacteria have been isolated from soil (1,2), however the enzymes involved in IMI degradation have not been identified yet. We functionally screened large-insert environmental fosmid libraries obtained from Dr. Hallam for IMI-transforming enzymes, which subsequently could be incorporated into bee gut bacteria (Gilliamella or Snograsella). For the screening we used two approaches – toxicity selective screen and IMI as sole carbon and nitrogen sources.

First screen approach:

We designed this approach to detect IMI-transforming enzymes able to alleviate the toxic concentration of IMI for the E.coli host (as the fosmid libraries constructed in E.coli EPI300 strain host). The screen might identify clones able to modify the toxic compound into less toxic derivatives. First, as there was no information about effect of IMI on E.coli strains, we tested if any concentration of IMI is toxic for the EPI300 strain with concentrations from 0.01 to 10 mM of IMI tested. The cultures were grown in Minimal media with glucose supplemented with different concentrations of IMI. None of the concentrations showed toxicity to the host, as E.coli was able to growth in all experimental conditions, thus we focused on the second screen approach.

Figure 1. Growth of EPPPC1 strain after addition of different concentrations of imidacloprid. The OD₆₀₀ represent the photometric values measured after 24 hours and subtracted from values at 0 hour.

Second screen approach:

As IMI is not toxic to the E.coli,it is was used in the functional screening of fosmid clones as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. The fosmid clones carrying a complete pathway for the IMI compound transformation into more accessible to E.coli central metabolisms are able to grow. The fosmid clones were tested in pooled format (plate pools of 384-clones and library pools with all clones from each library combined together). The clones were grown in Minimal media without glucose for IMI as carbon sourse, or without ammonium chloride for IMI as nitrogen source screening.

References:

1. Hu, G., Zhao, Y., Liu, B., Song, F., & You, M. (2013). Isolation of an indigenous imidacloprid-degrading bacterium and imidacloprid bioremediation under simulated in situ and ex situ conditions. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23(11), 1617–26.
2. Sabourmoghaddam, N., Zakaria, M. P., & Omar, D. (2015). Evidence for the microbial degradation of imidacloprid in soils of Cameron Highlands. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 14(2), 182–188. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2014.03.002
3. Pandey, G., Dorrian, S. J., Russell, R. J., & Oakeshott, J. G. (2009). Biotransformation of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam by Pseudomonas sp. 1G. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 380(3), 710–4. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.156