Difference between revisions of "Team:Stanford-Brown/Design"

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<h2>Design</h2>
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  <title>Projects</title>
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By talking about your design work on this page, there is one medal criterion that you can attempt to meet, and one award that you can apply for. If your team is going for a gold medal by building a functional prototype, you should tell us what you did on this page. If you are going for the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Judging/Awards#SpecialPrizes">Applied Design award</a>, you should also complete this page and tell us what you did.
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<h4>Note</h4>
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<p>In order to be considered for the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Judging/Awards#SpecialPrizes">Best Applied Design award</a> and/or the <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Judging/Awards#Medals">functional prototype gold medal criterion</a>, you must fill out this page.</p>
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        <h1>Project Overview<small> <br>biOrigami for Manufacturing in Space<small></h1>    
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        <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded head123" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/0/0e/SB2015_ProjectOverview.png" alt="Project Overview">
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Our Vision<span class="small"> <br>To create biOrigami: self-folding, biological origami for space missions</span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">Space exploration lies at the inquisitive core of human nature, yet high costs hinder the advancement of this frontier. We are harnessing the replicative properties of biology to create biOrigami—biological, self-folding origami—to reduce the mass, volume, and assembly time of materials needed for space missions. biOrigami consists of two main components: manufacturing substrates biologically and bioengineering folding mechanisms. For substrates, we are developing new BioBricks to synthesize two thermoplastics: polystyrene and polyhydroxyalkanoates. For folding mechanisms, we are using heat-induced contraction of thermoplastics and the contractile properties of bacterial spores. After consulting with experts, we believe that biOrigami could be incorporated into rovers, solar sails, and more. In addition to biOrigami, we are creating a novel method to efficiently transform bacteria by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, benefitting the broader synthetic biology community. Our project integrates and improves manufacturing processes for space exploration on both the micro and macro levels.</p>
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      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/Vision" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Our BioBricks</h2>
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      <p class="lead">The BioBricks that we submitted to the registry are related to plastic production, cellulose binding, sporulation markers, and pigment production. Click to see more.</p>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">How does it work? <span class="small"> <br>With heat, evaporation, and materials that could be produced in space</span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">Bacteria can be engineered to produce thermoplastics, and some species naturally produce cellulose. These materials can be folded with heat and evaporation, respectively. Selectively heating certain parts of a thermoplastic sheet causes the polymers in only that area to contract, causing a macro-scale fold of the sheet. This selective heating can be done by coloring parts of the sheet darker, so they absorb heat faster. As for the evaporation method, bacterial spores expand and contract when in the presence of different levels of relative humidity. Attaching many spores to a long cellulose sheet can cause it to contract, and placing many of these sheets in parallel gives them the ability to move a large amount of weight as the water from the spores evaporates and they all contract in unison.</p>
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<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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      <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/f/f3/SB2015_SubprojectOverview.png" alt="Subproject Overview">
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Polystyrene <span class="small"> <br>Engineering <i>E. coli</i> to produce thermoplastics</span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">Polystyrene is widely-used thermoplastic that is resistant to photolysis. Our team worked on creating the first BioBricks for producing polystyrene <i>in vivo</i>. We believe that the properties of this plastic make it attractive for manufacturing objects on long-term missions to other planets. </p>
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      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/PS" class="btn btn-danger btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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            <p><font size="1"><b>Polymerized Styrene</b> </font></p>
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      <h2 class="featurette-heading">Poly-3-hydroxybuterate, P(3HB) <span class="small"> <br>Optimizing the biological production of additional thermoplastics </span></h2>
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      <p class="lead">P(3HB) is a biodegradable, non-toxic biopolymer with properties similar to those of common plastics. It has a low glass transition temperature and can be formed into flat sheets for folding biOrigami. We are building on previous iGEM teams' work to optimize the production of P(3HB) for use in space.</p>
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      <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/PHA" class="btn btn-warning btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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    <h2 class="featurette-heading">BioHYDRAS<span class="small"> <br>Creating biological artificial muscles</span></h2>
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    <p class="lead">Based on work done by Chen <i>et al.</i> at Columbia university, we sought to employ the contractile properties of bacterial spores to use as a folding mechanism for biOrigami. Since spores are resistant to high amounts of radiation and dramatic changes in temperature, they could be suitable for use on space missions. </p>
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    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/bioHYDRA" class="btn btn-success btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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<p>This is a prize for the team that has developed a synthetic biology product to solve a real world problem in the most elegant way. The students will have considered how well the product addresses the problem versus other potential solutions, how the product integrates or disrupts other products and processes, and how its lifecycle can more broadly impact our lives and environments in positive and negative ways.</p>
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If you are working on art and design as your main project, please join the art and design track. If you are integrating art and design into the core of your main project, please apply for the award by completing this page.
 
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    <h2 class="featurette-heading">CRATER <span class="small"> <br>CRISPR/Cas9-Assisted Transformation-Efficient Reaction</span></h2>
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    <p class="lead">Our team has devised a method of increasing the efficiency of bacterial transformations&mdash;a technique used by iGEMers and biologists world-wide.</p>
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    <a href="https://2015.igem.org/Team:Stanford-Brown/CRATER" class="btn btn-info btn-lg">Read More!</a>
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    <img class="featurette-image img-responsive center-block img-rounded" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/7/7f/SB2015_CRATEROverview.png" alt="CRATER Overview">
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Latest revision as of 19:48, 18 September 2015

Projects

Project Overview
biOrigami for Manufacturing in Space

Project Overview

Our Vision
To create biOrigami: self-folding, biological origami for space missions

Space exploration lies at the inquisitive core of human nature, yet high costs hinder the advancement of this frontier. We are harnessing the replicative properties of biology to create biOrigami—biological, self-folding origami—to reduce the mass, volume, and assembly time of materials needed for space missions. biOrigami consists of two main components: manufacturing substrates biologically and bioengineering folding mechanisms. For substrates, we are developing new BioBricks to synthesize two thermoplastics: polystyrene and polyhydroxyalkanoates. For folding mechanisms, we are using heat-induced contraction of thermoplastics and the contractile properties of bacterial spores. After consulting with experts, we believe that biOrigami could be incorporated into rovers, solar sails, and more. In addition to biOrigami, we are creating a novel method to efficiently transform bacteria by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, benefitting the broader synthetic biology community. Our project integrates and improves manufacturing processes for space exploration on both the micro and macro levels.

Read More!

How does it work?
With heat, evaporation, and materials that could be produced in space

Bacteria can be engineered to produce thermoplastics, and some species naturally produce cellulose. These materials can be folded with heat and evaporation, respectively. Selectively heating certain parts of a thermoplastic sheet causes the polymers in only that area to contract, causing a macro-scale fold of the sheet. This selective heating can be done by coloring parts of the sheet darker, so they absorb heat faster. As for the evaporation method, bacterial spores expand and contract when in the presence of different levels of relative humidity. Attaching many spores to a long cellulose sheet can cause it to contract, and placing many of these sheets in parallel gives them the ability to move a large amount of weight as the water from the spores evaporates and they all contract in unison.
















Subproject Overview

Polystyrene
Engineering E. coli to produce thermoplastics

Polystyrene is widely-used thermoplastic that is resistant to photolysis. Our team worked on creating the first BioBricks for producing polystyrene in vivo. We believe that the properties of this plastic make it attractive for manufacturing objects on long-term missions to other planets.

Read More!

Polymerized Styrene

Poly-3-hydroxybuterate, P(3HB)
Optimizing the biological production of additional thermoplastics

P(3HB) is a biodegradable, non-toxic biopolymer with properties similar to those of common plastics. It has a low glass transition temperature and can be formed into flat sheets for folding biOrigami. We are building on previous iGEM teams' work to optimize the production of P(3HB) for use in space.

Read More!
Generic placeholder image

BioHYDRAS
Creating biological artificial muscles

Based on work done by Chen et al. at Columbia university, we sought to employ the contractile properties of bacterial spores to use as a folding mechanism for biOrigami. Since spores are resistant to high amounts of radiation and dramatic changes in temperature, they could be suitable for use on space missions.

Read More!
Generic placeholder image

CRATER
CRISPR/Cas9-Assisted Transformation-Efficient Reaction

Our team has devised a method of increasing the efficiency of bacterial transformations—a technique used by iGEMers and biologists world-wide.

Read More!
CRATER Overview
Copyright © 2015 Stanford-Brown iGEM Team