Human Practices
Thinking of everyone around us.
GRAS
To date, no genetically engineered starter cultures have been approved for use in the USA by the FDA, and specific criteria for approval has yet to be established [1, 2]. This lack of approval is commonly attributed to a lack of consumer knowledge and understanding [2]. Because of the countless foreseeable benefits using genetically engineered starter cultures and the amount of increased potential profits in industrial cheese production, scientist continue research into the area and remain optimistic for future approval [2]. Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is a status given by the USDA for allowable food additives. L. lactis is a GRAS organism, having FDA approval for food-grade applications [3]. Because the promoters and all subsequent genetic elements incorporated within this project are of lactococcal origin, it is a reasonable assumption that they should rationally meet the requirements of being considered GRAS, making this a promising model for P335 lytic phage detection and defense in future approved genetically engineered starter cultures [3].
Cheese Factory Tour with Carl Brotherson
The USU iGEM team met with Carl Brotherson, Associate Director of the Western Dairy center to learn more about the cheese-making process. Carl is very familiar with methods and techniques of the production of cheese. During the meeting Carl explained different types of bacteria used and various methods of creating different types of cheese. Carl specifically noted stages of the process where phage infection becomes a concern, which is where the iGEM project should come in handy: preventing phage from ruining a batch of cheese. He also spent some time describing GRAS and how these standards affect what can be done about preventing phage from infecting cheese starter cultures. After the information session Carl also gave a tour of the facilities and explained the different machines used in the factory.
This is another holder so we can talk about Chase and Cody's trip to Blanding to talk about iGEM.
STEAM EXPO: USU Eastern Blanding Campus April 10 & 11 2015
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