Difference between revisions of "Team:TJU/Description"

 
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     <div align="center"><h2> Overview </h2></div>
 
     <div align="center"><h2> Overview </h2></div>
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    <p>Microbial fuel cells(MFCs) are capable of converting the chemical energy stored in the chemical compounds to electrical energy with the aid of microorganisms. Compared with traditional fossil fuels, MFCs have sorts of advantages, such as no emissions of polluting gas, mild reactive conditions and flexible applications in extreme conditions. </p></br>
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<p>This year, we successfully construct synthetic microbial consortia MFC (microbial fuel cell) system with three species. Through the electricity generation platform we design, the final electrical output of the system reaches more than 520 mV and lasts over 80 h. What’s more, the synthetic microbial consortia MFC system can not only enhance the electrical output significantly but also broaden the spectrum of carbon sources. This is the very first time to introduce three different species into MFC system, namely <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span>, <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> and <span style="font-style: italic">B. subtilis</span>. We strongly believe our MFC system will have wide prospects in future applications.</p>
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</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/ee/Background_11.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/ee/Background_11.png"  width="680"  alt=""/></a>
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</br><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d5/Background_11%27.png" target="_blank" ><img src= "https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d5/Background_11%27.png"  width="680"  alt=""/></a>
 
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<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The overall relationship of three kinds of bacteria in our co-culture system.</span><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/e/ee/Background_11.png"  target="_blank"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg" width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
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<p> <b>Figure 1.</b> <span style="font-size: 14px"> The overall relationship of three kinds of bacteria in our co-culture system.</span><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2015/d/d5/Background_11%27.png"  target="_blank"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/90/Enlarge.jpg" width="20" height="20" align="right" alt="" /></a></p></div></div></br>
  
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<p>In the meanwhile, mixed microbial communities have garnered much attention owing to their stability, robustness and versatility due to nutrient adaptability, stress resistance and the ability to perform even more complicated tasks than monocultures do. Considering that single-strain MFC faces many practical barriers such as the narrow range of substrates, demanding requirements for environment and relatively slow growth cycle, we are inspired to construct a co-culture MFC system with elaborate labor division. </p></br>
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<p>Microorganisms rarely live in isolated niches because natural microbial communities have unique advantages of stability, robustness and versatility due to nutrient adaptability, stress resistance, complicated interactions, etc. Considering that single-strain MFCs face many practical barriers such as narrow range of carbon sources, low efficiency of electricity generation, demanding requirements for environment and so on, we aim to construct new generation of MFC system by using synthetic consortia with elaborate <span style="font-style: normal;font-weight: bold; color:#ddbf73;">division of labor</span>.</p>
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<p>In our system, there are two kinds of zymophyte bacteria and one electricigen. Co-culture strategy among zymophyte and electricigen develops a delicate commensalism relation on the basis of material, energy and information flow, which may remarkably benefit the whole system.</p>
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<p>There still remain some obstacles for constructing the co-culture system. The limited information available on the molecules and mechanisms between different microorganisms makes it challenging to establish a harmonious and advantageous relationship. </p></br>
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<a name="Material Flow" id="Material Flow"></a><h3 >Material Flow</h3>
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<p>For the material flow, we construct an engineered <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span> strain to provide proper amount of carbon source, lactate, for <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> which has a poor ability of utilizing glucose. In this way, we broaden the spectrum of carbon sources of <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> to glucose and even xylose, cellose and cellulose in the future.</p>
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<p>In our system, <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> function as the exoelectrogens while <span style="font-style: italic">E.coli</span> and <span style="font-style: italic">B.subtilis</span> serve as the fermentation bacteria. In order to better regulate the synthetic microbial consortia, the relationship of material, information and energy is our entry point. For the material relationship, we construct an engineered <span style="font-style: italic">E.coli</span> strain to provide proper amount of carbon source, lactate, for <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> which have a poor ability of utilizing glucose. In this way, we broaden the spectrum of carbon sources of <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span>. We also regulate the relationship of energy and information, the most effective and visible way for electricity output, by constructing the strain producing riboflavins. Additionally, we attempt to establish a system of lactate sensing and orthogonal targeted protease degradation, which can further become an effective tool in many fields. By reconstruction of the co-culture MFC system, a more efficient and robust system is built up. </p></br>
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<a name="Energy & Information Flow" id="Energy & Information Flow"></a><h3 >Energy & Information Flow</h3>
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<p>As for energy and information flow, we choose riboflavin as our entry point. It is because riboflavin is the major factor determining the extracellular electron transfer efficiency of electricigen. Firstly, we construct high-yield engineered <span style="font-style: italic">E. coli</span> strain producing riboflavins and the final yield reaches 90mg/L in tube. The strain works well and the electrical output reaches 350mV. Then, in order to enhance the functionality of MFC device, we get further to introduce a <span style="font-style: italic">B. subtilis</span> strain with higher output of riboflavin into the co-culture system. Finally, the electrical output reaches 520 mV.</p>
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<a name="Future work" id="Future work"></a><h3 >Future work</h3>
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<p>First, we will construct and characterize the system of acid sensing and orthogonal targeted protease degradation which can be an effective tool in regulating the relationship in synthetic microbe consortia. Additionally, we will reduce the volume of our MFC device with power generation unchanged, so that it will increase current density. We will also make improvements in <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> for more electricity output. We intend to weaken any other unrelated functions except for power production in <span style="font-style: italic">Shewanella</span> and using co-culture system to produce necessary nutrition for its survival.</p></br>
  
  

Latest revision as of 02:37, 19 September 2015




Overview

This year, we successfully construct synthetic microbial consortia MFC (microbial fuel cell) system with three species. Through the electricity generation platform we design, the final electrical output of the system reaches more than 520 mV and lasts over 80 h. What’s more, the synthetic microbial consortia MFC system can not only enhance the electrical output significantly but also broaden the spectrum of carbon sources. This is the very first time to introduce three different species into MFC system, namely E. coli, Shewanella and B. subtilis. We strongly believe our MFC system will have wide prospects in future applications.



Figure 1. The overall relationship of three kinds of bacteria in our co-culture system.


Microorganisms rarely live in isolated niches because natural microbial communities have unique advantages of stability, robustness and versatility due to nutrient adaptability, stress resistance, complicated interactions, etc. Considering that single-strain MFCs face many practical barriers such as narrow range of carbon sources, low efficiency of electricity generation, demanding requirements for environment and so on, we aim to construct new generation of MFC system by using synthetic consortia with elaborate division of labor.


In our system, there are two kinds of zymophyte bacteria and one electricigen. Co-culture strategy among zymophyte and electricigen develops a delicate commensalism relation on the basis of material, energy and information flow, which may remarkably benefit the whole system.


Material Flow


For the material flow, we construct an engineered E. coli strain to provide proper amount of carbon source, lactate, for Shewanella which has a poor ability of utilizing glucose. In this way, we broaden the spectrum of carbon sources of Shewanella to glucose and even xylose, cellose and cellulose in the future.


Energy & Information Flow


As for energy and information flow, we choose riboflavin as our entry point. It is because riboflavin is the major factor determining the extracellular electron transfer efficiency of electricigen. Firstly, we construct high-yield engineered E. coli strain producing riboflavins and the final yield reaches 90mg/L in tube. The strain works well and the electrical output reaches 350mV. Then, in order to enhance the functionality of MFC device, we get further to introduce a B. subtilis strain with higher output of riboflavin into the co-culture system. Finally, the electrical output reaches 520 mV.


Future work


First, we will construct and characterize the system of acid sensing and orthogonal targeted protease degradation which can be an effective tool in regulating the relationship in synthetic microbe consortia. Additionally, we will reduce the volume of our MFC device with power generation unchanged, so that it will increase current density. We will also make improvements in Shewanella for more electricity output. We intend to weaken any other unrelated functions except for power production in Shewanella and using co-culture system to produce necessary nutrition for its survival.


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